MySQL数据库——事务操作-begin-commit-rollback

红目香薰

发布于 2024-04-20 10:37:45

1800

发布于 2024-04-20 10:37:45

文章被收录于专栏：CSDNToQQCode

schooldb库——utf8字符集——utf8_general_ci排序规则

先创建库，再去使用下列的DDL语句。

DDL

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '学号',
  `createDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
  `modifyDate` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '修改时间',
  `userName` varchar(30) NOT NULL COMMENT '学生名称',
  `pwd` varchar(36) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',
  `phone` varchar(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',
  `age` tinyint(3) unsigned DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `sex` char(2) DEFAULT '男' COMMENT '性别',
  `className` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `addRess` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  `introduce` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '简介',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `course` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `courseName` varchar(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '课程名称',
  `department` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
  `lv` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年级',
  `number` int(11) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '课程人数',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
CREATE TABLE `score` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `courseId` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '课程编号',
  `studentId` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `result` float(5,2) NOT NULL COMMENT '成绩',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

DML

INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('1', '2023-09-16 09:22:22', '2024-04-15 10:12:12', '张三', '123456', '15612345678', '19', '男', '信息1班', '石家庄', '一首张三的歌送给大家');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('2', '2023-09-17 09:22:22', '2024-04-15 08:11:12', '李四', '123156', '15612345178', '19', '女', '信息1班', '石家庄', '一曲美丽的舞蹈送给大家');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('3', '2023-09-18 09:23:22', '2024-04-15 11:12:12', '王五', '123256', '15612345278', '20', '男', '信息2班', '沈阳', '大刀王五也是英雄');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('4', '2023-09-19 09:24:22', '2024-04-15 12:13:12', '赵六', '123356', '15612345378', '18', '男', '信息1班', '甘肃', '六六大顺');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('5', '2023-09-10 09:25:22', '2024-04-15 13:14:12', '阮小七', '143456', '15612345678', '19', '男', '信息2班', '石家庄', '阮氏三雄，小七最霸气');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('6', '2023-09-21 09:26:22', '2024-04-15 14:15:12', '朱重八', '153456', '15612355678', '18', '男', '信息2班', '浙江', '开局一个碗。');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('7', '2023-09-22 09:27:22', '2024-04-15 15:16:12', '苏老九', '163456', '15612365678', '20', '男', '信息2班', '石家庄', '武状元');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('8', '2023-09-23 09:28:22', '2024-04-15 16:17:12', '王石', '123476', '15612345778', '22', '男', '信息1班', '徐蚌', '钻石王老五');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('9', '2023-09-24 19:29:22', '2024-04-15 17:18:12', '萧十一', '128456', '15612385678', '21', '男', '信息1班', '石家庄', '帅气逼人，英雄也。');
INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('10', '2023-09-25 09:20:22', '2024-04-15 18:19:12', '宫十二', '129456', '15612395678', '22', '女', '信息1班', '杭州', '十二条舔狗和一位绿茶的故事');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '计算机基础', '信息工程系', '1', '800');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('2', 'MySQL应用基础', '信息工程系', '2', '567');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('3', 'Java基础', '信息工程系', '1', '567');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('4', '专业导论', '信息工程系', '1', '645');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('5', 'Excel实战训练', '信息工程系', '1', '863');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('6', '大学英语', '教务处', '1', '432');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('7', '大学语文', '教务处', '1', '533');
INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('8', '高等数学(一)', '教务处', '2', '456');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('1', '1', '1', '89.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('2', '1', '2', '89.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('3', '1', '3', '98.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('4', '1', '4', '82.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('5', '1', '5', '59.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('6', '1', '6', '22.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('7', '1', '7', '68.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('8', '1', '8', '7.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('9', '1', '9', '91.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('10', '1', '10', '69.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('11', '2', '1', '99.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('12', '2', '2', '69.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('13', '2', '3', '58.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('14', '2', '4', '72.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('15', '2', '5', '89.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('16', '2', '6', '82.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('17', '2', '7', '58.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('18', '2', '8', '77.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('19', '2', '9', '17.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('20', '2', '10', '79.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('21', '3', '1', '55.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('22', '3', '2', '77.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('23', '3', '3', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('24', '3', '4', '12.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('25', '3', '5', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('26', '3', '6', '71.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('27', '3', '7', '36.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('28', '3', '8', '94.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('29', '3', '9', '66.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('30', '3', '10', '34.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('31', '4', '1', '55.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('32', '4', '2', '87.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('33', '4', '3', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('34', '4', '4', '82.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('35', '4', '5', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('36', '4', '6', '31.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('37', '4', '7', '86.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('38', '4', '8', '94.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('39', '4', '9', '86.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('40', '4', '10', '34.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('41', '5', '1', '95.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('42', '5', '2', '27.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('43', '5', '3', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('44', '5', '4', '82.60');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('45', '5', '5', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('46', '5', '6', '31.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('47', '5', '7', '86.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('48', '5', '8', '94.70');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('49', '5', '9', '86.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('50', '5', '10', '34.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('51', '6', '1', '75.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('52', '6', '2', '77.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('53', '6', '3', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('54', '6', '4', '72.60');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('55', '6', '5', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('56', '6', '6', '71.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('57', '6', '7', '76.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('58', '6', '8', '94.70');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('59', '6', '9', '76.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('60', '6', '10', '74.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('61', '7', '1', '75.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('62', '7', '2', '67.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('63', '7', '3', '68.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('64', '7', '4', '72.60');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('65', '7', '5', '88.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('66', '7', '6', '61.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('67', '7', '7', '76.50');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('68', '7', '8', '64.70');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('69', '7', '9', '76.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('70', '7', '10', '64.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('71', '8', '1', '95.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('72', '8', '2', '97.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('73', '8', '3', '98.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('74', '8', '4', '92.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('75', '8', '5', '98.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('76', '8', '6', '91.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('77', '8', '7', '96.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('78', '8', '8', '94.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('79', '8', '9', '96.00');
INSERT INTO `score` VALUES ('80', '8', '10', '94.00');

DQL

使用事务保证数据完整性。

什么是事务？

事务必须具备以下四个属性，简称ACID 属性。

原子性（Atomicity）

事务是一个完整的操作，事务的各步操作是不可分的(原子的)，要么都执行，要么都不执行。

一致性（Consistency）

当事务完成时，数据必须处于一致状态。

隔离性（Isolation）

并发事务之间彼此隔离、独立，它不应以任何方式依赖于或影响其他事务。

持久性（Durability）

事务完成后,它对数据库的修改被永久保持。

事务(TRANSACTION)是作为单个逻辑工作单元执行的一系列操作。多个操作作为一个整体向系统提交，要么都执行、要么都不执行。事务是一个不可分割的工作逻辑单元。

老师数学题有一个选择题出错了，最后给学生们都加2分，要通过sql语句来完成，由于系统出现故障，导致修改高数成绩的时候执行到一半就因为某些异常结束了，为了防止这种现象，所以使用了事务操作。

SET autocommit=0;# 用作开启·自动关闭和开启事务
BEGIN# 也可以用作开启
START TRANSACTION;# 也可以用作开启
UPDATE score set result=result+2 where courseId=8;
UPDATE score set result=result+2 where courseId=5;
UPDATE score set result=result+2 where courseId=7;
UPDATE score set result=result+2 where courseId=1;
UPDATE score set result=result+2 where courseId=6;
COMMIT # 操作完全成功，统一提交事务数据
SELECT "操作错误，已经回滚。";
ROLLBACK # 撤销事务中的sql操作
SET autocommit=1;# 用作关闭·自动关闭和开启事务

开启前数据：