在前文中演示了使用awk和sed命令正则查找和替换Makefile文件的匹配内容,这篇文章依然使用这个Makefile文件作为awk和sed命令正则匹配查找、替换和删除操作。
由于之前在BZ自己CenOS7中的C/C++工程部分Makefile文件在make clean操作时的语句可以优化,也就是可以把-(RM) (ULT_BIN)和-(RM) (ULT_BIN)这两句写成一句-(RM) (ULT_BIN)
下面的这份shell脚本比较简单,直接运行./sedawkfindreplace2.sh
即可。在for ... in
的Makefile文件遍历中,先利用了awk命令的正则匹配查找、替换操作,然后是sed命令执行正则匹配查找、替换以及删除操作。
程序难点应该在于对$
符号的正则匹配(它本来表示结尾,所以需要转义),可以看到awk和sed对它的正则匹配形式是不一样的。
另外,脚本中sed命令通过-e
参数先执行正则匹配和替换操作,然后执行正则匹配删除操作。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 | #!/bin/bash # FileName: sedawkfindreplace2.sh # Description: Basic usage of sed and awk command such as find and replace words in the regular expression. # Simple Usage: ./sedawkfindreplace1.sh # (c) 2017.3.9 vfhky https://typecodes.com/linux/sedawkfindreplace2.html # https://github.com/vfhky/shell-tools/blob/master/filehandle/sedawkfindreplace2.sh # Dir to be handled. SRC_DIR="/home/vfhky/shell" # The makefile you want to modify. SEARCH_NAME="Makefile*" # The maximum depth of the dirs where files such as Makefile you're dealing with lies in. MAXDEPTH=10 # Get the target files you want to modify. ALL_MAKEFILE=$(find ${SRC_DIR} -maxdepth ${MAXDEPTH} -type f -name "${SEARCH_NAME}") # Traverse the target files. for FILE in ${ALL_MAKEFILE} do #### Ways recommended: find "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN)" by awk command. #awk '/-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN)/{printf( "%s:%d: %s\n", FILENAME, NR, $0) }' ${FILE} #### replace "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN)" with "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN) $(ULT_LIBS)" using awk command. # awk '{sub(/-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN)/,"-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN) \$(ULT_LIBS)"); print $0}' ${FILE} > ${FILE}.tmp; cp ${FILE}.tmp ${FILE}; rm -rf ${FILE}.tmp #### find "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN)" by sed command. #sed -n "/-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN)/p" ${FILE} #### Ways recommended: Step1. replace "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN)" with "-$(RM) $(ULT_BIN) $(ULT_LIBS)" using sed command. #### Step2. delete the line contains the words "-$(RM) $(ULT_LIBS)". sed -i -e "s#-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN)#-\$(RM) \$(ULT_BIN) \$(ULT_LIBS)#" -e "/-\$(RM) \$(ULT_LIBS)/d" ${FILE} done exit 0 |
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BZ在虚拟机的/home/vfhky/shell目录复制了5个错误的Makefile文件,然后先做正则查找测试,结果如下图所示:
在find
命令的某个参数使用正则,那么最好对这个对数加上双引号,正如上面的代码"${SEARCH_NAME}"
所示,否则会出现下面的错误:
find: paths must precede expression: Makefile1
Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D help|tree|search|stat|rates|opt|exec] [path...] [expression]
目前已经把这个脚本放在Github了,地址是https://github.com/vfhky/shell-tools,以后脚本的更新或者更多好用的脚本也都会加入到这个工程中。