Oracle SQL*Loader 使用简介

SCOTT@PROD>create table test as select * from emp; 
SCOTT@PROD>insert into test select * from test;  
SCOTT@PROD>/

SCOTT@PROD>delete from test;
SCOTT@PROD>commit;

SCOTT@PROD>analyze table test compute statistics; 
SCOTT@PROD>selecttable_name,blocks,empty_blocks from user_tables where table_name='TEST';

SCOTT@PROD>insert into test select * from emp;
SCOTT@PROD>commit;
SCOTT@PROD>analyze table test compute statistics; 
SCOTT@PROD>select table_name,blocks,empty_blocks from user_tables where table_name='TEST';

SCOTT@PROD>insert /*+append*/ into test select * from emp; 
SCOTT@PROD>analyze table test compute statistics;
SCOTT@PROD>selec ttable_name,blocks,empty_blocks from user_tables where table_name='TEST';

[oracle@test19crac1 bin]$ sqlldr -help        
SQL*Loader: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 30 00:22:53 2023
Version 19.3.0.0.0        
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.                 
Usage: SQLLDR keyword=value [,keyword=value,...]         
Valid Keywords:
          
    userid -- ORACLE username/password          
   control -- control file name                 
       log -- log file name                     
       bad -- bad file name                     
      data -- data file name                    
   discard -- discard file name                 
discardmax -- number of discards to allow          (Default all)
      skip -- number of logical records to skip    (Default 0)
      load -- number of logical records to load    (Default all)
    errors -- number of errors to allow            (Default 50)
      rows -- number of rows in conventional path bind array or between direct path data saves
               (Default: Conventional path 250, Direct path all)
  bindsize -- size of conventional path bind array in bytes  (Default 1048576)
    silent -- suppress messages during run (header,feedback,errors,discards,partitions)
    direct -- use direct path                      (Default FALSE)
   parfile -- parameter file: name of file that contains parameter specifications
  parallel -- do parallel load                     (Default FALSE)
      file -- file to allocate extents from     
skip_unusable_indexes -- disallow/allow unusable indexes or index partitions  (Default FALSE)
skip_index_maintenance -- do not maintain indexes, mark affected indexes as unusable  (Default FALSE)
commit_discontinued -- commit loaded rows when load is discontinued  (Default FALSE)
  readsize -- size of read buffer                  (Default 1048576)
external_table -- use external table for load; NOT_USED, GENERATE_ONLY, EXECUTE
columnarrayrows -- number of rows for direct path column array  (Default 5000)
streamsize -- size of direct path stream buffer in bytes  (Default 256000)
multithreading -- use multithreading in direct path 
 resumable -- enable or disable resumable for current session  (Default FALSE)
resumable_name -- text string to help identify resumable statement
resumable_timeout -- wait time (in seconds) for RESUMABLE  (Default 7200)
date_cache -- size (in entries) of date conversion cache  (Default 1000)
no_index_errors -- abort load on any index errors  (Default FALSE)
partition_memory -- direct path partition memory limit to start spilling (kb)  (Default 0)
     table -- Table for express mode load
date_format -- Date format for express mode load
timestamp_format -- Timestamp format for express mode load
terminated_by -- terminated by character for express mode load
enclosed_by -- enclosed by character for express mode load
optionally_enclosed_by -- optionally enclosed by character for express mode load
characterset -- characterset for express mode load
degree_of_parallelism -- degree of parallelism for express mode load and external table load
      trim -- trim type for express mode load and external table load
       csv -- csv format data files for express mode load
    nullif -- table level nullif clause for express mode load
field_names -- field names setting for first record of data files for express mode load
dnfs_enable -- option for enabling or disabling Direct NFS (dNFS) for input data files  (Default FALSE)
dnfs_readbuffers -- the number of Direct NFS (dNFS) read buffers  (Default 4)
sdf_prefix -- prefix to append to start of every LOB File and Secondary Data File
      help -- display help messages  (Default FALSE)
empty_lobs_are_null -- set empty LOBs to null  (Default FALSE)
  defaults -- direct path default value loading; EVALUATE_ONCE, EVALUATE_EVERY_ROW, IGNORE, IGNORE_UNSUPPORTED_EVALUATE_ONCE, IGNORE_UNSUPPORTED_EVALUATE_EVERY_ROW
direct_path_lock_wait -- wait for access to table when currently locked  (Default FALSE)          
PLEASE NOTE: Command-line parameters may be specified either by
position or by keywords.  An example of the former case is 'sqlldr
scott/tiger foo'; an example of the latter is 'sqlldr control=foo
userid=scott/tiger'.  One may specify parameters by position before
but not after parameters specified by keywords.  For example,
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo logfile=log' is allowed, but
'sqlldr scott/tiger control=foo log' is not, even though the
position of the parameter 'log' is correct.

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/sutil/oracle-sql-loader-concepts.html#GUID-F99250F9-F720-45EE-8159-9B8A8E5A77D