C++自定义异常案例

#include <iostream>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;

struct MyException : public exception {
  const char * what() const throw() {
    return "C++ Exception";
  }
};

int main() {
  try {
    throw MyException();
  } catch(MyException& e) {
    std::cout << "MyException caught" << std::endl;
    std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
  } catch(std::exception& e) {
    //Other errors
  }
}

MyException caught
C++

#include <iostream>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <exception>
using namespace std;
// 服务器开发中通常使用的异常继承体系
class Exception
{
public:
	Exception(const string& errmsg, int id)
		:_errmsg(errmsg)
		, _id(id)
	{}
	virtual string what() const
	{
		return _errmsg;
	}
protected:
	string _errmsg;
	int _id;
};
class SqlException : public Exception
{
public:
	SqlException(const string& errmsg, int id, const string& sql)
		:Exception(errmsg, id)
		, _sql(sql)
	{}
	virtual string what() const
	{
		string str = "SqlException:";
		str += _errmsg;
		str += "->";
		str += _sql;
		return str;
	}
private:
	const string _sql;
};
class CacheException : public Exception
{
public:
	CacheException(const string& errmsg, int id)
		:Exception(errmsg, id)
	{}
	virtual string what() const
	{
		string str = "CacheException:";
		str += _errmsg;
		return str;
	}
};
class HttpServerException : public Exception
{
public:
	HttpServerException(const string& errmsg, int id, const string& type)
		:Exception(errmsg, id)
		, _type(type)
	{}
	virtual string what() const
	{
		string str = "HttpServerException:";
		str += _type;
		str += ":";
		str += _errmsg;
		return str;
	}
private:
	const string _type;
};
void SQLMgr()
{
	srand(time(0));
	if (rand() % 7 == 0)
	{
		throw SqlException("权限不足", 100, "select * from name = '张三'");
	}
	//throw "xxxxxx";
}
void CacheMgr()
{
	srand(time(0));
	if (rand() % 5 == 0)
	{
		throw CacheException("权限不足", 100);
	}
	else if (rand() % 6 == 0)
	{
		throw CacheException("数据不存在", 101);
	}
	SQLMgr();
}
void HttpServer()
{
	// ...
	srand(time(0));
	if (rand() % 3 == 0)
	{
		throw HttpServerException("请求资源不存在", 100, "get");
	}
	else if (rand() % 4 == 0)
	{
		throw HttpServerException("权限不足", 101, "post");
	}
	CacheMgr();
}
int main()
{
	while (1)
	{
		try
		{
			HttpServer();
		}
		catch (const Exception& e) // 这里捕获父类对象就可以
		{
			// 多态
			cout << e.what() << endl;
			Sleep(1000);
		}
		catch (...)
		{
			cout << "Unkown Exception" << endl;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}