【RK3399】制作ubuntu20.04 roomfs

嵌入式与Linux那些事

发布于 2022-12-01 13:47:15

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发布于 2022-12-01 13:47:15

文章被收录于专栏：嵌入式与Linux那些事

firefly自带的文件系统，由于缺少一些基本功能模块，因此，我们可以自己手动制作一个ubuntu20.04的文件系统。

下载Ubuntu根文件系统

http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/

安装虚拟机

apt-get install qemu-user-static

解压

mkdir ubuntu-rootfs
tar -xpf ubuntu-base-20.04.5-base-arm64.tar.gz  -C ubuntu-rootfs

复制一下虚拟机的运行环境

cp -b /etc/resolv.conf ubuntu-rootfs/etc/resolv.conf
cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ubuntu-rootfs/usr/bin/

复制官方外设驱动文件

将开发板挂载到虚拟机上，将开发板的/vendor，/system，/lib/firmware,这三个文件夹复制到我们自己的文件系统中。

挂载根文件系统

创建ch-mount.sh文件，写入以下脚本

#!/bin/bash
# 
function mnt() {
    echo "MOUNTING..."
    sudo mount -t proc /proc ${2}proc
    sudo mount -t sysfs /sys ${2}sys
    sudo mount -o bind /dev ${2}dev
    sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts ${2}dev/pts
    echo "CHROOT..."
    sudo chroot ${2}
    echo "Success!"
}
function umnt() {
    echo "UNMOUNTING"
    sudo umount ${2}proc
    sudo umount ${2}sys
    sudo umount ${2}dev/pts
    sudo umount ${2}dev
}
if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ] ;
then
    mnt $1 $2
elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
    umnt $1 $2
else
    echo ""
    echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"
    echo ""
    echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"
    echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with trailing '/')"
    echo ""
    echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard/"
    echo ""
    echo 1st parameter : ${1}
    echo 2nd parameter : ${2}
fi

把下载好的脚本置于ubuntu-rootfs目录的上一级目录，并修改权限：

chmod a+x ch-mount.sh
./ch-mount.sh -m ubuntu-rootfs/

执行mount动作，注意退出后一定再执行 ./ch-mount.sh -u ubuntu-rootfs/，否则你的本机ubuntu系统会出问题，需要重启才能恢复正常。

拷贝bash依赖库

执行挂载脚本时遇到以下错误，可以拷贝bash动态库。

➜  tools sudo chroot ubuntu-rootfs 
chroot: failed to run command ‘/bin/zsh’: No such file or directory

查看/bin/bash文件所依赖的动态链接库，然后依次拷贝到相应目录。由于我安装了zsh，所以除了拷贝bash动态库外，还需要拷贝zsh动态库。没有安装zsh的可以不用拷贝zsh动态库。

zhongyi@ubuntu:~$ ldd /bin/zsh
        linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd5c1dc000)
        libcap.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcap.so.2 (0x00007f4b4d9d7000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f4b4d7d3000)
        libtinfo.so.5 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5 (0x00007f4b4d5a9000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f4b4d20b000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f4b4ce1a000)
        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f4b4debc000)
zhongyi@ubuntu:~$ ldd /bin/bash
        linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffd8335a000)
        libtinfo.so.5 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5 (0x00007f50a4d2a000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f50a4b26000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f50a4735000)
        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f50a526e000)

$ mkdir lib64
$ cp /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ./lib64/
$ mkdir ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtinfo.so.5 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ 
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcap.so.2 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ 
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ 
$ cp /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 ./lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ 
$cp /bin/bash ubuntu-rootfs/bin
$cp /bin/zsh ubuntu-rootfs/bin

执行挂载

成功挂载后，会看到自动切换为root用户。

zhongyi@ubuntu:~/tools$ ./ch-mount.sh -m ubuntu-rootfs/
MOUNTING...
CHROOT...
zsh: failed to load module `zsh/zle': /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/zsh/5.4.2/zsh/zle.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory     
#已经成功挂载
ubuntu#

安装必要的软件

apt-get update
apt-get -y install  vim nfs-common  sudo ssh net-tools ethtool wireless-tools  xfce4-power-manager xinit  network-manager iputils-ping rsyslog   bash-completion lxtask htop  synaptic  --no-install-recommends

更换源

vim /etc/apt/source.list
#添加中科大源
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main multiverse restricted universe

#添加阿里源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

#添加清华源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

设置账户名和密码

useradd -s '/bin/bash' -m -G adm,sudo firefly
passwd firefly
passwd root

设置主机名

echo 'ubuntu.firefly' > /etc/hostname

添加主机入口到/etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost 
127.0.0.1 ubuntu.firefly
127.0.1.1 firefly

添加nameserver

vim /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
#添加nameserver
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 8.8.8.8

取消挂载

exit
./ch-mount.sh -u ubuntu-rootfs/

创建 mkrootfs.sh文件，写入以下脚本，其中2048取决于你的根文件系统实际大小，比如安装了桌面环境后若大小超过2048M，就改大一点

#!/bin/bash
# 
dd if=/dev/zero of=ubuntu-rootfs.img bs=1M count=2048
sudo  mkfs.ext4  ubuntu-rootfs.img
rm -r rootfs
mkdir  rootfs
sudo mount ubuntu-rootfs.img rootfs/
sudo cp -rfp ubuntu-rootfs/*  rootfs/
sudo umount rootfs/
e2fsck -p -f ubuntu-rootfs.img
resize2fs  -M ubuntu-rootfs.img

执行制作

➜  tools ./mkrootfs.sh
➜  tools ls -al |grep *.img
-rw-rw-r--  1 zhongyi zhongyi 1497706496 Sep 30 21:32 ubuntu-rootfs.img

烧写镜像

sudo upgrade_tool di -rootfs ubuntu-rootfs.img

本文参考

https://blog.csdn.net/Alex_Vinci/article/details/122818828

https://dev.t-firefly.com/thread-12739-1-1.html

https://blog.csdn.net/vcsuanfadaima/article/details/112280308

https://www.csdn.net/tags/OtTaIg1sNTAwNTQtYmxvZwO0O0OO0O0O.html

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原始发表：2022-10-17，如有侵权请联系 cloudcommunity@tencent.com 删除

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