基于单片机超声波测距系统的设计_单片机类毕业设计

// 包含Servo库
#include <Servo.h>. 
// 定义超声波传感器的Tirg和回波引脚
const int trigPin = 10;
const int echoPin = 11;
//持续时间和距离的变量
long duration;
int distance;
Servo myServo; // 创建用于控制伺服电机的伺服对象
void setup() { 

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // 将trigPin设置为输出
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); //将echoPin设置为输入
Serial.begin(9600);
myServo.attach(12); // 定义伺服电机连接在哪个销上
}
void loop() { 

// 将伺服电机从15度旋转到165度
for(int i=15;i<=165;i++){ 
  
myServo.write(i);
delay(30);
distance = calculateDistance();// 调用一个函数来计算超声波传感器为每度测量的距离
Serial.print(i); // 将当前度数发送到串行端口
Serial.print(","); // 在处理IDE中稍后需要的上一个值旁边发送加法字符以进行索引
Serial.print(distance); // 将距离值发送到串行端口
Serial.print("."); // 在处理IDE中稍后需要的上一个值旁边发送加法字符以进行索引
}
// 从165度到15度重复前面的行
for(int i=165;i>15;i--){ 
  
myServo.write(i);
delay(30);
distance = calculateDistance();
Serial.print(i);
Serial.print(",");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.print(".");
}
}
// 用于计算超声波传感器测量的距离的函数
int calculateDistance(){ 
 
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); 
delayMicroseconds(2);
// 将trigPin设置为高状态10微秒
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); 
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // 读取echoPin，以微秒为单位返回声波传播时间
distance= duration*0.034/2;
return distance;
}
processing代码：
import processing.serial.*; // 导入用于串行通信的库
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; // 导入用于从串行端口读取数据的库
import java.io.IOException;
Serial myPort; // defines Object Serial
// 化解变量
String angle="";
String distance="";
String data="";
String noObject;
float pixsDistance;
int iAngle, iDistance;
int index1=0;
int index2=0;
PFont orcFont;
void setup() { 

size (1200, 700); // ***将此更改为您的屏幕分辨率***
smooth();
myPort = new Serial(this,"COM5", 9600); // 启动串行通信
myPort.bufferUntil('.'); // 从串行端口读取数据，直到字符“.”。实际上它读到了：角度，距离。
}
void draw() { 

fill(98,245,31);
// 模拟运动模糊和运动线的缓慢衰减
noStroke();
fill(0,4); 
rect(0, 0, width, height-height*0.065); 
fill(98,245,31); // green color
//调用绘制雷达的函数
drawRadar(); 
drawLine();
drawObject();
drawText();
}
void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { 
 // 开始从串行端口读取数据
//从串行端口读取到字符“.”的数据，并将其放入字符串变量“data”中。
data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');
data = data.substring(0,data.length()-1);
index1 = data.indexOf(","); // 找到字符'，'并将其放入变量“index1”
angle= data.substring(0, index1); // 读取从位置“0”到变量index1位置的数据，或者这是Arduino板发送到串行端口的角度值
distance= data.substring(index1+1, data.length()); // 读取从位置“index1”到距离值的数据pr的末尾的数据
// 将字符串变量转换为整数
iAngle = int(angle);
iDistance = int(distance);
}
void drawRadar() { 

pushMatrix();
translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // 将起始坐标移动到新位置
noFill();
strokeWeight(2);
stroke(98,245,31);
// 绘制弧线
arc(0,0,(width-width*0.0625),(width-width*0.0625),PI,TWO_PI);
arc(0,0,(width-width*0.27),(width-width*0.27),PI,TWO_PI);
arc(0,0,(width-width*0.479),(width-width*0.479),PI,TWO_PI);
arc(0,0,(width-width*0.687),(width-width*0.687),PI,TWO_PI);
// 绘制角线
line(-width/2,0,width/2,0);
line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(30)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(30)));
line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(60)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(60)));
line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(90)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(90)));
line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(120)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(120)));
line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(150)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(150)));
line((-width/2)*cos(radians(30)),0,width/2,0);
popMatrix();
}
void drawObject() { 

pushMatrix();
translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // 将起始坐标移动到新位置
strokeWeight(9);
stroke(255,10,10); // red color
pixsDistance = iDistance*((height-height*0.1666)*0.025); // 覆盖从厘米到像素的传感器距离
// 将范围限制为40厘米
if(iDistance<40){ 

// 根据角度和距离绘制对象
line(pixsDistance*cos(radians(iAngle)),-pixsDistance*sin(radians(iAngle)),(width-width*0.505)*cos(radians(iAngle)),-(width-width*0.505)*sin(radians(iAngle)));
}
popMatrix();
}
void drawLine() { 

pushMatrix();
strokeWeight(9);
stroke(30,250,60);
translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // 将起始坐标移动到新位置
line(0,0,(height-height*0.12)*cos(radians(iAngle)),-(height-height*0.12)*sin(radians(iAngle))); // 根据角度画线
popMatrix();
}
void drawText() { 
 //在屏幕上绘制文本
pushMatrix();
if(iDistance>40) { 

noObject = "Out of Range";
}
else { 

noObject = "In Range";
}
fill(0,0,0);
noStroke();
rect(0, height-height*0.0648, width, height);
fill(98,245,31);
textSize(25);
text("10cm",width-width*0.3854,height-height*0.0833);
text("20cm",width-width*0.281,height-height*0.0833);
text("30cm",width-width*0.177,height-height*0.0833);
text("40cm",width-width*0.0729,height-height*0.0833);
textSize(40);
text("Robu.in", width-width*0.875, height-height*0.0277);
text("Angle: " + iAngle +" °", width-width*0.48, height-height*0.0277);
text("Distance: ", width-width*0.26, height-height*0.0277);
if(iDistance<40) { 

text(" " + iDistance +" cm", width-width*0.225, height-height*0.0277);
}
textSize(25);
fill(98,245,60);
translate((width-width*0.4994)+width/2*cos(radians(30)),(height-height*0.0907)-width/2*sin(radians(30)));
rotate(-radians(-60));
text("30°",0,0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width-width*0.503)+width/2*cos(radians(60)),(height-height*0.0888)-width/2*sin(radians(60)));
rotate(-radians(-30));
text("60°",0,0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width-width*0.507)+width/2*cos(radians(90)),(height-height*0.0833)-width/2*sin(radians(90)));
rotate(radians(0));
text("90°",0,0);
resetMatrix();
translate(width-width*0.513+width/2*cos(radians(120)),(height-height*0.07129)-width/2*sin(radians(120)));
rotate(radians(-30));
text("120°",0,0);
resetMatrix();
translate((width-width*0.5104)+width/2*cos(radians(150)),(height-height*0.0574)-width/2*sin(radians(150)));
rotate(radians(-60));
text("150°",0,0);
popMatrix(); 
}