工厂模式是最常用的设计模式之一,属于创建型模式。 有点:
当一个抽象类有多个实现的时候,需要多次实例化的时候,就要考虑使用工厂模式。
比如:登录的抽象类ILoginBusiness
,它有2个实现,一个用用户名密码登录,一个用手机号验证码登录
public interface ILoginBusiness
{
Task Login(LoginInputDTO input);
}
public class MobileCodeLogin : ILoginBusiness
{
public Task Login(LoginInputDTO input)
{
// todo
}
}
public class UserNameAndPasswordLogin : ILoginBusiness
{
public Task Login(LoginInputDTO input)
{
// todo
}
}
按照原有方式,我们会根据某个条件去实例化,比如loginType
ILoginBusiness loginBusiness;
if (loginType == 1)
{
loginBusiness = new MobileCodeLogin();
}
else
{
loginBusiness = new UserNameAndPasswordLogin()
}
当有多种实例的话,就需要更多的ifelse或者switch,工厂模式的作用就是把这种建造对象的方法放在工厂类去解决,统一管理统一维护。
public interface ILoginFactory
{
ILoginBusiness Create(LoginInputDTO inputDto);
}
public class LoginFactory : BaseBusiness, ILoginFactory, ITransientDependency
{
public ILoginBusiness Create(LoginInputDTO inputDto)
{
return inputDto.LoginType == LoginType.UserNameAndPwd
? AppDependencyResolver.Current.GetService<UserNameAndPwdLogin>()
: (ILoginBusiness)AppDependencyResolver.Current.GetService<MobileCodeLogin>();
}
public LoginFactory(IRepository repository) : base(repository)
{
}
}
如果用new的方法去实例化,就需要把构造方法中的参数在工厂的构造方法里也加入进去,所以这里用了一个AppDependencyResolver
,这里的AppDependencyResolver.Current.GetService<T>
是从当前IOC容器中获取注入的实例,所以之前的MobileCodeLogin
和UserNameAndPasswordLogin
需要注入到IOC实例中,在我们项目就是继承ITransientDependency
public class AppDependencyResolver
{
private static AppDependencyResolver _resolver;
public static AppDependencyResolver Current
{
get
{
if (_resolver == null)
throw new Exception("AppDependencyResolver not initialized");
return _resolver;
}
}
// 在startUp的ConfigureService的最后,加入AppDependencyResolver.Init(services.BuildServiceProvider());
public static void Init(IServiceProvider service)
{
_resolver = new AppDependencyResolver(service);
}
private AppDependencyResolver(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
{
_serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
}
private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
public object GetService(Type serviceType)
{
return _serviceProvider.GetService(serviceType);
}
public T GetService<T>()
{
return _serviceProvider.GetService<T>();
}
}
关于工厂,我们只需要测返回的对象是否是我们需要的就可以了,至于对象的执行对不对不需要关心
[Theory(DisplayName = "测试登录工厂")]
[InlineData(LoginType.MobileCode, typeof(MobileCodeLogin))]
[InlineData(LoginType.UserNameAndPwd, typeof(UserNameAndPwdLogin))]
public void CreateTests(LoginType loginType, Type expectedType)
{
Mock<IRepository> mock = new Mock<IRepository>();
ILoginFactory factory = new LoginFactory(mock.Object);
var login = factory.Create(new LoginInputDTO()
{
LoginType = loginType
});
Assert.IsType(expectedType, login);
}