企业实战(3) Redis服务部署和配置详解

CentOS 7.5
Redis 5.0.0
gcc

[root@localhost ~]#yum -y install gcc

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir redis

[root@localhost redis]# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-5.0.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# cd redis/

[root@localhost redis]# tar -xvf redis-5.0.0.tar.gz 
redis-5.0.0/
redis-5.0.0/.gitignore
redis-5.0.0/00-RELEASENOTES
...
[root@localhost redis]# ls
redis-5.0.0  redis-5.0.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost redis]# cd redis-5.0.0

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# make && make install
...
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/redis/redis-5.0.0/src”
make[1]: 进入目录“/root/redis/redis-5.0.0/src”

Hint: It's a good idea to run 'make test' ;)

    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
    INSTALL install
make[1]: 离开目录“/root/redis/redis-5.0.0/src”

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# ./utils/install_server.sh  //一路回车
Welcome to the redis service installer
This script will help you easily set up a running redis server

Please select the redis port for this instance: [6379] 
Selecting default: 6379
Please select the redis config file name [/etc/redis/6379.conf] 
Selected default - /etc/redis/6379.conf
Please select the redis log file name [/var/log/redis_6379.log] 
Selected default - /var/log/redis_6379.log
Please select the data directory for this instance [/var/lib/redis/6379] 
Selected default - /var/lib/redis/6379
Please select the redis executable path [/usr/local/bin/redis-server] 
Selected config:
Port           : 6379
Config file    : /etc/redis/6379.conf
Log file       : /var/log/redis_6379.log
Data dir       : /var/lib/redis/6379
Executable     : /usr/local/bin/redis-server
Cli Executable : /usr/local/bin/redis-cli
Is this ok? Then press ENTER to go on or Ctrl-C to abort.
Copied /tmp/6379.conf => /etc/init.d/redis_6379
Installing service...
Successfully added to chkconfig!
Successfully added to runlevels 345!
Starting Redis server...
Installation successful!

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop  //停止服务

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start  //启动服务

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# ps -C redis-server   //查看进程
   PID TTY          TIME CMD
 14540 ?        00:00:00 redis-server

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# ss -antulp | grep :6379   //查看端口
tcp    LISTEN     0      128    127.0.0.1:6379                  *:*                   users:(("redis-server",pid=14540,fd=6))

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> set name bob    //存储数据，变量名为name，值为bob
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get name    //查看变量name的值
"bob"
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *       //查询已有的变量
1) "name"
127.0.0.1:6379> exit

- set 变量名 变量值                 //存储1个变量值
- mset 变量名 变量值 变量名 变量值...      //存储多个变量值
- get 变量名                   //查询1个变量的值
- mget 变量名                 //查询多个变量的值
- select 数据库编号0-15(默认只有16个库)      //切换库
- keys *                  //显示所有的变量名
- keys ?                  //显示只有一个字符的变量名
- keys a?                //显示以a开头的2个字符的变量名
- exists 变量名            //测试某个变量是否存在
- ttl 变量名               //查看变量生存时间(-1为永久生存)
- type 变量名               //查看变量的类型
- move 变量名 数据库编号   //移动某变量到指定库中
- expire 变量名 时间       //设置变量的有效时间
- del 变量名              //删除指定的变量
- flushall                //删除内存里所有的变量
- flushdb               //删除所在的库中的所有变量
- save                 //保存所有变量到硬盘中
- shutdown            //停止redis服务

[root@ku1-50 ~]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
93  port 6379                //端口
70  bind 127.0.0.1           //IP地址
137 daemonize yes            //守护进程方式运行
187 databases 16             //数据库个数
172 logfile /var/log/redis_6379.log     //日志文件
533 # maxclients 10000           //并发连接数量
264 dir /var/lib/redis/6379      //数据库目录

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
560 # maxmemory <bytes>           
                //最大内存
598 # maxmemory-policy noeviction    
               //默认使用的内存清除策略为noeviction
609 # maxmemory-samples 5    
              //默认选取变量(key)模板的个数(针对lru、ttl策略)为5个

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# vim /etc/redis/6379.conf
70 bind 192.168.2.159         //IP地址
93 port 6379                  //端口
508 requirepass 123456        //密码

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start

[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# redis-cli    //未携带修改的参数
Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused
not connected>
注意：如果在配置文件中修改了密码、端口、IP地址，那么在连接redis服务的时候必须带上更改的参数才可以连接上服务。

--明文密码连接
[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# redis-cli -h 192.168.2.159 -a 123456       //密码明文连接
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface may not be safe.
192.168.2.159:6379> keys *
1) "name"
192.168.2.159:6379> exit

--交互式密码连接
[root@localhost redis-5.0.0]# redis-cli -h 192.168.2.159   
192.168.2.159:6379> keys *         //不输入密码无法进行操作
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.
192.168.2.159:6379> auth 123456
OK
192.168.2.159:6379> keys *
1) "name"
192.168.2.159:6379> exit

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop
Stopping ...
Could not connect to Redis at 127.0.0.1:6379: Connection refused
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...
Waiting for Redis to shutdown ...    //已经使用脚本无法停止服务了

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antulp | grep :6379
tcp    LISTEN     0      128    192.168.2.159:6379                  *:*                   users:(("redis-server",pid=14558,fd=6))

[root@localhost ~]# redis-cli -h 192.168.2.159 -a 123456 shutdown      
           //只能这样停止redis服务

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antulp | grep :6379

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/init.d/redis_6379
43  $CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
         ↓↓↓↓根据更改的参数将以上配置修改为↓↓↓↓
43 $CLIEXEC -h 192.168.2.159 -p 6379 -a 123456 shutdown

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 stop  //使用脚本停止服务
Stopping ...
Warning: Using a password with '-a' or '-u' option on the command line interface may not be safe.
Redis stopped

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antulp | grep :6379   //停止服务成功

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/redis_6379 start
Starting Redis server...

[root@localhost ~]# ss -antulp | grep :6379
tcp    LISTEN     0      128    192.168.2.159:6379                  *:*                   users:(("redis-server",pid=14649,fd=6))