安装Nuget包

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    ...
    services.AddAuthentication(defaultScheme: JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme);
}

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
    ...
    app.UseAuthentication();
    app.UseAuthorization();
    app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
    {
        endpoints.MapControllers();
    }); 
}

var tokenSection = Configuration.GetSection("Security:Token");
services.AddAuthentication(options => {
    options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
    options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options => {
    options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters{
        ValidateAudience = true,
        ValidateLifetime = true,
        ValidateIssuer = true,
        ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
        ValidIssuer = tokenSection["Issuer"],
        ValidAudience = tokenSection["Audience"],
        IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(
            Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tokenSection["Key"])
        ),
        ClockSkew = TimeSpan.Zero
    };
});

"Security": {
  "Token": {
    "Issuer": "demo_issuer",
    "Audience": "demo_audience",
    "Key": "<your_secret_key>"
  }
}

[Authorize]
public class AuthorController : ControllerBase
{
}
[Authorize(AuthenticationSchemes = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)]
public class BookController : ControllerBase
{
}

[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<ActionResult<IEnumerable<AuthorDto>>> GetAuthorsAsync([FromQuery] AuthorResourceParameters parameters)

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IdentityModel.Tokens.Jwt;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;

namespace Library.Api.Controllers
{
    [ApiController, Route("api/auth")]
    public class AuthenticateController : ControllerBase
    {
        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
        public AuthenticateController(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        [HttpPost("token", Name = nameof(GenerateToken))]
        public IActionResult GenerateToken(string username, string password)
        {
            if (username != "demouser" || password != "demopassword")
            {
                return Unauthorized();
            }

            var claims = new List<Claim>{
                new Claim(JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub, username)
            };

            var tokenConfigSection = Configuration.GetSection("Security:Token");
            var key = new SymmetricSecurityKey(
                Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(tokenConfigSection["Key"])
            );
            var signCredential = new SigningCredentials(key, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256);
            var jwtToken = new JwtSecurityToken(
                issuer: tokenConfigSection["Issuer"],
                audience: tokenConfigSection["Audience"],
                claims: claims,
                expires: DateTime.Now.AddMinutes(3),
                signingCredentials: signCredential
            );

            return Ok(new {
                token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(jwtToken),
                expiration = TimeZoneInfo.ConvertTimeFromUtc(jwtToken.ValidTo, TimeZoneInfo.Local)
            });
        }
    }
}