Gitlab+Jenkins+k8s+Helm 的自动化部署实践

FROM frolvlad/alpine-java:jdk8-slim
#在build镜像时可以通过 --build-args profile=xxx 进行修改
ARG profile
ENV SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=${profile}
#项目的端口
EXPOSE 8000 
WORKDIR /mnt

#修改时区
RUN sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories \
    && apk add --no-cache tzdata \
    && ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime \
    && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone \
    && apk del tzdata \
    && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/* $HOME/.cache

COPY ./target/your-project-name-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar ./app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "/mnt/app.jar"]

helm                                    - chart包的目录名
├── templates                           - k8s配置模版目录
│   ├── deployment.yaml                 - Deployment配置模板，定义如何部署Pod
│   ├── _helpers.tpl                    - 以下划线开头的文件，helm视为公共库定义文件，用于定义通用的子模版、函数、变量等
│   ├── ingress.yaml                    - Ingress配置模板，定义外部如何访问Pod提供的服务，类似于Nginx的域名路径配置
│   ├── NOTES.txt                       - chart包的帮助信息文件，执行helm install命令成功后会输出这个文件的内容
│   └── service.yaml                    - Service配置模板，配置访问Pod的服务抽象，有NodePort与ClusterIp等
|── values.yaml                         - chart包的参数配置文件，各模版文件可以引用这里的参数
├── Chart.yaml                          - chart定义，可以定义chart的名字，版本号等信息
├── charts                              - 依赖的子包目录，里面可以包含多个依赖的chart包，一般不存在依赖，我这里将其删除了

apiVersion: v2
name: your-chart-name
description: A Helm chart for Kubernetes

type: application
version: 1.0.0
appVersion: 1.16.0

#部署Pod的副本数，即运行多少个容器
replicaCount: 1
#容器镜像配置
image:
  repository: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/demo/demo
  pullPolicy: Always
  # Overrides the image tag whose default is the chart version.
  tag: "dev"
#镜像仓库访问凭证
imagePullSecrets:
  - name: aliyun-registry-secret
#覆盖启动容器名称
nameOverride: ""
fullnameOverride: ""
#容器的端口暴露及环境变量配置
container:
  port: 8000
  env: []
#ServiceAccount，默认不创建
serviceAccount:
  # Specifies whether a service account should be created
  create: false
  # Annotations to add to the service account
  annotations: {}
  name: ""

podAnnotations: {}

podSecurityContext: {}
  # fsGroup: 2000

securityContext: {}
  # capabilities:
  #   drop:
  #   - ALL
  # readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
  # runAsNonRoot: true
  # runAsUser: 1000
#使用NodePort的service，默认为ClusterIp
service:
  type: NodePort
  port: 8000
#外部访问Ingress配置，需要配置hosts部分
ingress:
  enabled: true
  annotations: {}
    # kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
    # kubernetes.io/tls-acme: "true"
  hosts:
    - host: demo.com
      paths: ["/demo"]
  tls: []
  #  - secretName: chart-example-tls
  #    hosts:
  #      - chart-example.local

  #.... 省略了其它默认参数配置

# 登录Docker Registry生成/root/.docker/config.json文件
sudo docker login --username=your-username registry.cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com
# 创建 namespace develop（我这里是根据项目的环境分支名称建立namespace）
kubectl create namespace develop
# 在 namespace develop中创建一个secret
kubectl create secret generic aliyun-registry-secret --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=/root/.docker/config.json  --type=kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson --namespace=develop

image_tag = "default"  //定一个全局变量，存储Docker镜像的tag（版本）
pipeline {
    agent any
    environment {
        GIT_REPO = "${env.gitlabSourceRepoName}"  //从Jenkins Gitlab插件中获取Git项目的名称
        GIT_BRANCH = "${env.gitlabTargetBranch}"  //项目的分支
        GIT_TAG = sh(returnStdout: true,script: 'git describe --tags --always').trim()  //commit id或tag名称
        DOCKER_REGISTER_CREDS = credentials('aliyun-docker-repo-creds') //docker registry凭证
        KUBE_CONFIG_LOCAL = credentials('local-k8s-kube-config')  //开发测试环境的kube凭证
        KUBE_CONFIG_PROD = "" //credentials('prod-k8s-kube-config') //生产环境的kube凭证

        DOCKER_REGISTRY = "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com" //Docker仓库地址
        DOCKER_NAMESPACE = "your-namespace"  //命名空间
        DOCKER_IMAGE = "${DOCKER_REGISTRY}/${DOCKER_NAMESPACE}/${GIT_REPO}" //Docker镜像地址

        INGRESS_HOST_DEV = "dev.your-site.com"    //开发环境的域名
        INGRESS_HOST_TEST = "test.your-site.com"  //测试环境的域名
        INGRESS_HOST_PROD = "prod.your-site.com"  //生产环境的域名
    }
    parameters {
        string(name: 'ingress_path', defaultValue: '/your-path', description: '服务上下文路径')
        string(name: 'replica_count', defaultValue: '1', description: '容器副本数量')
    }

    stages {
        stage('Code Analyze') {
            agent any
            steps {
               echo "1. 代码静态检查"
            }
        }
        stage('Maven Build') {
            agent {
                docker {
                    image 'maven:3-jdk-8-alpine'
                    args '-v $HOME/.m2:/root/.m2'
                }
            }
            steps {
                echo "2. 代码编译打包"
                sh 'mvn clean package -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -DskipTests=true'
            }
        }
        stage('Docker Build') {
            agent any
            steps {
                echo "3. 构建Docker镜像"
                echo "镜像地址：${DOCKER_IMAGE}"
                //登录Docker仓库
                sh "sudo docker login -u ${DOCKER_REGISTER_CREDS_USR} -p ${DOCKER_REGISTER_CREDS_PSW} ${DOCKER_REGISTRY}"
                script {
                    def profile = "dev"
                    if (env.gitlabTargetBranch == "develop") {
                        image_tag = "dev." + env.GIT_TAG
                    } else if (env.gitlabTargetBranch == "pre-release") {
                        image_tag = "test." + env.GIT_TAG
                        profile = "test"
                    } else if (env.gitlabTargetBranch == "master"){
                        // master分支则直接使用Tag
                        image_tag = env.GIT_TAG
                        profile = "prod"
                    }
                    //通过--build-arg将profile进行设置，以区分不同环境进行镜像构建
                    sh "docker build  --build-arg profile=${profile} -t ${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${image_tag} ."
                    sh "sudo docker push ${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${image_tag}"
                    sh "docker rmi ${DOCKER_IMAGE}:${image_tag}"
                }
            }
        }
        stage('Helm Deploy') {
            agent {
                docker {
                    image 'lwolf/helm-kubectl-docker'
                    args '-u root:root'
                }
            }
            steps {
                echo "4. 部署到K8s"
                sh "mkdir -p /root/.kube"
                script {
                    def kube_config = env.KUBE_CONFIG_LOCAL
                    def ingress_host = env.INGRESS_HOST_DEV
                    if (env.gitlabTargetBranch == "pre-release") {
                        ingress_host = env.INGRESS_HOST_TEST
                    } else if (env.gitlabTargetBranch == "master"){
                        ingress_host = env.INGRESS_HOST_PROD
                        kube_config = env.KUBE_CONFIG_PROD
                    }
                    sh "echo ${kube_config} | base64 -d > /root/.kube/config"
                    //根据不同环境将服务部署到不同的namespace下，这里使用分支名称
                    sh "helm upgrade -i --namespace=${env.gitlabTargetBranch} --set replicaCount=${params.replica_count} --set image.repository=${DOCKER_IMAGE} --set image.tag=${image_tag} --set nameOverride=${GIT_REPO} --set ingress.hosts[0].host=${ingress_host} --set ingress.hosts[0].paths={${params.ingress_path}} ${GIT_REPO} ./helm/"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

DOCKER_REGISTER_CREDS = credentials('aliyun-docker-repo-creds') //docker registry凭证
KUBE_CONFIG_LOCAL = credentials('local-k8s-kube-config')  //开发测试环境的kube凭证

base64 /root/.kube/config > kube-config-base64.txt
cat kube-config-base64.txt