一个Python备份脚本

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大师级码师

修改于 2021-09-22 10:47:12

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修改于 2021-09-22 10:47:12

文章被收录于专栏：大师级码师

编写一个Python脚本，实现为重要的文件或文件夹在指定的目录下创建备份。 [设计思路] [1] 将需要备份的文件和目录由一个列表指定，通过传入参数获得并保存到列表中。 [2] 备份应该保存在主备份目录中。 [3] 将文件备份成一个压缩文件。 [4] 每一次备份都根据当前的日期在主备份目录中创建一个子文件夹，而所备份的文件命名为当期的时间保存在这个子文件夹中。 [5] 压缩命令由本地用户决定。可以使用任何本地的存档压缩命令，只要它有命令行界面就可以了，那样就可以从脚本中传递参数给它。 [参考] [1] A Byte of Python, 2005 [2] Python Manuals 2.6

    #! /usr/bin/python

# Filename: backup_ver1.py  
# 2010-7-12 wcdj  
import os  
import time  
import sys  
# 1, The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list  
# source = ['/home/wcdj/my_prog', '/home/wcdj/local_installed']  
# The following information is the debug used  
print '--------------------------------'  
source=[]  
print 'The command line arguments are: '  
for i in sys.argv:  
    print i  
    if i == sys.argv[0]:  
        continue  
    source.append(i)  
print source  
print '--------------------------------'  
# check input, if error app exit  
if len(source) == 0:  
    print '''''You should input the files or directories, like 
python backup_ver1.py /home/wcdj/myfile /home/wcdj/mydir ...'''  
    exit()  
else:  
    print 'Some files or directorier will be saved into .tar.gz format: '  
    print source  
# If you are using Windows, use   
# source=[r'c:/Documents', r'd:/work'] or   
# source=['c://Documents', 'd://work'] or   
# something like that  
# 2, The backup must be stored in a main backup directory  
# Remember to change this to what you will be using  
target_dir = '/home/wcdj/backup/'  
# 3, The files are backed up into a tar file  
# 4, The name of subdirectory and tar file  
today = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d')  
now = time.strftime('%H%M%S')  
# Take a comment from the user to create the name of the tar file  
comment = raw_input('Enter a comment: ')  
if len(comment) == 0:# check if a comment was entered  
    target = today + os.sep + now + '.tar.gz'  
else:  
    target = today + os.sep + now + '_' + /  
    comment.replace(' ', '_') + '.tar.gz'  
#Create the subdirectory if it isn't already there  
if not os.path.exists(today):  
    os.mkdir(today)# make directory  
    print 'Successfully created directory', today  
# 5, We use the tar command(in Unix/Linux) to put the files in a tgz archive  
tar_command = "tar -zcf %s %s" % (target, ' '.join(source))  
# Run the backup  
if os.system(tar_command) == 0:  
    print 'Successful backup to', target  
else:  
    print 'Backup failed'  
# end  </pre>

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