httprunner 3.x学习1 - 环境安装与准备

上海-悠悠

发布于 2021-06-24 23:36:37

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发布于 2021-06-24 23:36:37

前言

httprunner 3.x最大的改变是执行用例用的是 python 的 pytest 框架，支持3种格式的用例：YAML/JSON/pytest 代码对比 httprunner 2.x 以前版本，早期版本用的是 unittest 框架，只支持2种格式的用例: YAML/JSON

简介

HttpRunner 是一款面向 HTTP(S) 协议的通用测试框架，只需编写维护一份 YAML/JSON 脚本，即可实现自动化测试、性能测试、线上监控、持续集成等多种测试需求。主要特征

继承的所有强大功能requests ，只需以人工方式获得乐趣即可处理HTTP（S）。
以YAML或JSON格式定义测试用例，pytest 以简洁优雅的方式运行。
在HAR 支持下记录并生成测试用例。
支持variables/ extract/ validate/hooks机制，以创建非常复杂的测试方案。
使用debugtalk.py插件，任何功能都可以在测试用例的任何部分使用。
使用jmespath ，提取和验证json响应从未如此简单。
有了pytest ，数百个插件随时可用。
使用allure ，测试报告可以非常强大。
通过重复使用locust ，您可以进行性能测试，而无需进行额外的工作。
支持CLI命令，与CI/CD完美结合。

环境安装

使用pip 安装

pip3 install httprunner

如果之前装过低版本的，可以加 -U 参数升级到最新版

pip3 install httprunner -U

也可以支持 github 源码安装

pip3 install git+https://github.com/httprunner/httprunner.git@master

查看版本号 v3.1.4

C:\Users\dell>pip show httprunner
Name: httprunner
Version: 3.1.4
Summary: One-stop solution for HTTP(S) testing.
Home-page: https://github.com/httprunner/httprunner
Author: debugtalk
Author-email: debugtalk@gmail.com
License: Apache-2.0
Location: e:\python36\lib\site-packages
Requires: loguru, pytest-html, pydantic, pytest, requests, black, jinja2, sentry-sdk, jmespath, pyyaml
Required-by:

参数名	功能
-V —version	查看版本号
-h, —help	查看帮助
run	用于运行YAML/JSON/Pytest 测试用例
startproject	使用模板结构创建新项目
har2case	HAR(HTTP Archive) 转成 YAML/JSON
make	YAML/JSON 测试用例转成 pytest用例

startproject 创建项目

startproject 参数可以快速创建一个 demo 项目，方便了解整个项目结构

D:\demo\hrun3x>httprunner startproject yoyo_demo
2021-06-10 22:29:30.482 | INFO     | httprunner.scaffold:create_scaffold:43 - Create new project: yoyo_demo
Project Root Dir: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo

created folder: yoyo_demo
created folder: yoyo_demo\har
created folder: yoyo_demo\testcases
created folder: yoyo_demo\reports
created file: yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_request.yml
created file: yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_ref.yml
created file: yoyo_demo\debugtalk.py
created file: yoyo_demo\.env
created file: yoyo_demo\.gitignore

$ tree yoyo_demo -a
2021-06-10 22:29:30.504 | WARNING  | httprunner.scaffold:show_tree:29 - tree command not exists, ignore.
Sentry is attempting to send 0 pending error messages
Waiting up to 2 seconds
Press Ctrl-Break to quit

需注意的是这里用的是httprunner 命令（并不是hrun, 运行完成后可以看到整个项目结构如下

make 转 pytest 用例

make 是把 YAML/JSON 测试用例转成 pytest用例, 需指定 yaml 文件路径或文件夹路径

D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo>httprunner make testcases
2021-06-10 22:40:08.048 | INFO     | httprunner.make:__make:512 - make path: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases
2021-06-10 22:40:08.053 | INFO     | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-06-10 22:40:08.057 | INFO     | httprunner.loader:load_dot_env_file:127 - Loading environment variables from D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\.env
2021-06-10 22:40:08.060 | DEBUG    | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: USERNAME
2021-06-10 22:40:08.062 | DEBUG    | httprunner.utils:set_os_environ:33 - Set OS environment variable: PASSWORD
2021-06-10 22:40:08.064 | INFO     | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_ref.yml
2021-06-10 22:40:08.075 | INFO     | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-06-10 22:40:08.077 | INFO     | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_request.yml
2021-06-10 22:40:08.080 | INFO     | httprunner.make:make_testcase:442 - generated testcase: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_request_test.py
2021-06-10 22:40:08.082 | INFO     | httprunner.make:make_testcase:442 - generated testcase: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_ref_test.py
2021-06-10 22:40:08.094 | INFO     | httprunner.compat:ensure_testcase_v3:219 - ensure compatibility with testcase format v2
2021-06-10 22:40:08.097 | INFO     | httprunner.make:make_testcase:349 - start to make testcase: D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_request.yml
2021-06-10 22:40:08.098 | INFO     | httprunner.make:format_pytest_with_black:170 - format pytest cases with black ...
reformatted D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_ref_test.py
reformatted D:\demo\hrun3x\yoyo_demo\testcases\demo_testcase_request_test.py
All done! ✨✨ ���� ✨✨
2 files reformatted.

执行后会生成对应的 pytest 用例

testcases\demo_testcase_request_test.py 完整代码示例如下

# NOTE: Generated By HttpRunner v3.1.4
# FROM: testcases\demo_testcase_request.yml

from httprunner import HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase

class TestCaseDemoTestcaseRequest(HttpRunner):

    config = (
        Config("request methods testcase with functions")
        .variables(
            **{
                "foo1": "config_bar1",
                "foo2": "config_bar2",
                "expect_foo1": "config_bar1",
                "expect_foo2": "config_bar2",
            }
        )
        .base_url("https://postman-echo.com")
        .verify(False)
        .export(*["foo3"])
    )

    teststeps = [
        Step(
            RunRequest("get with params")
            .with_variables(
                **{"foo1": "bar11", "foo2": "bar21", "sum_v": "${sum_two(1, 2)}"}
            )
            .get("/get")
            .with_params(**{"foo1": "$foo1", "foo2": "$foo2", "sum_v": "$sum_v"})
            .with_headers(**{"User-Agent": "HttpRunner/${get_httprunner_version()}"})
            .extract()
            .with_jmespath("body.args.foo2", "foo3")
            .validate()
            .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
            .assert_equal("body.args.foo1", "bar11")
            .assert_equal("body.args.sum_v", "3")
            .assert_equal("body.args.foo2", "bar21")
        ),
        Step(
            RunRequest("post raw text")
            .with_variables(**{"foo1": "bar12", "foo3": "bar32"})
            .post("/post")
            .with_headers(
                **{
                    "User-Agent": "HttpRunner/${get_httprunner_version()}",
                    "Content-Type": "text/plain",
                }
            )
            .with_data(
                "This is expected to be sent back as part of response body: $foo1-$foo2-$foo3."
            )
            .validate()
            .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
            .assert_equal(
                "body.data",
                "This is expected to be sent back as part of response body: bar12-$expect_foo2-bar32.",
            )
        ),
        Step(
            RunRequest("post form data")
            .with_variables(**{"foo2": "bar23"})
            .post("/post")
            .with_headers(
                **{
                    "User-Agent": "HttpRunner/${get_httprunner_version()}",
                    "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
                }
            )
            .with_data("foo1=$foo1&foo2=$foo2&foo3=$foo3")
            .validate()
            .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
            .assert_equal("body.form.foo1", "$expect_foo1")
            .assert_equal("body.form.foo2", "bar23")
            .assert_equal("body.form.foo3", "bar21")
        ),
    ]

if __name__ == "__main__":
    TestCaseDemoTestcaseRequest().test_start()

run 执行用例

run 命令实际上有 2 个动作，一个是把 YAML/JSON 测试用例转成 pytest 用例，同上一步 make 的功能一样。第二个动作是用 pytest 执行测试用例，使用命令如下

httprunner run testcases

运行结果可以看出是用的 pytest 运行的测试用例

collected 2 items                                                                                                                                                                                                           

testcases\demo_testcase_request_test.py .                                                                                                                                                                             [ 50%]
testcases\demo_testcase_ref_test.py .

执行的过程中会先把 yaml 文件转成对应的 py 文件，在 testcases 目录可以看到