MySQL50-13-习题及答案汇总

皮大大

发布于 2021-03-01 08:30:56

5450

文章被收录于专栏：机器学习/数据可视化机器学习/数据可视化

Pyecharts-11-绘制饼图

饼图在实际的工作还是会经常使用，能够很清晰的显示各类数据和占比情况，曾经在工作中绘制了环饼图和多饼图的结合。本文中介绍的是如何利用Pyecharts绘制饼图和进阶的环状饼图和玫瑰图

基本案例
位置和颜色
图例滚动
环形饼图
多饼图
玫瑰图

感谢官网的资料学习：https://gallery.pyecharts.org/#/Pie/README

导入库

from pyecharts.globals import CurrentConfig, OnlineHostType   # 事先导入，防止不出图
from pyecharts import options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Pie
from pyecharts.faker import Faker
from pyecharts.commons.utils import JsCode
from pyecharts.globals import ThemeType

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

基本案例

下面是一份模拟的月度开支的数据

c = (
    Pie()
    .add("", [list(z) for z in zip(x_data, y_data)])
    .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-月度开支"))
    .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}"))
)

c.render_notebook()

改变位置和颜色

c = (
    Pie()
    .add("",
         [list(z) for z in zip(x_data, y_data)],
         center=["30%", "50%"],) # 1、距离左边和上边的距离百分比
    .set_colors(["blue", "green", "purple", "red", "pink"])  # 2、改变颜色
    .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-月度开支"))
    .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}"))
)

c.render_notebook()

图例滚动

当饼图中图例比较多的时候，可以利用滚动的方式，下面是pyecharts自带的数据集：

c = (
    Pie()
    .add(
        "",
        [
            list(z)
            for z in zip(
                Faker.choose() + Faker.choose() + Faker.choose() + Faker.choose(),
                Faker.values() + Faker.values() + Faker.values() + Faker.values(),
            )
        ],
        center=["40%", "50%"],
    )
    .set_global_opts(
        title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-图例滚动"),
        legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(type_="scroll", pos_left="80%", orient="vertical"),
    )
    .set_series_opts(label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}: {c}"))
)

c.render_notebook()

环形饼图

x_data = ["直接访问", "邮件营销", "联盟广告", "视频广告", "搜索引擎"]
y_data = [335, 310, 234, 135, 1548]

c = (
    Pie(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(width="1600px", height="1000px"))   # 图形的大小设置
    .add(
        series_name="访问来源",
        data_pair=[list(z) for z in zip(x_data, y_data)],
        radius=["15%", "50%"],   # 内圈和外圈的大小
        center=["30%", "50%"],   # 左边距和上边距
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True),   # 显示数据和百分比
    )
    .set_global_opts(legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(pos_left="left", orient="vertical"))   # 图例在左边和垂直显示
    .set_series_opts(
        tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(
            trigger="item", formatter="{a} <br/>{b}: {c} ({d}%)"
        ),
    )
)

c.render_notebook()

多饼图

c = (
    Pie()
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(["剧情", "其他"], [30, 70])],
        center=["20%", "30%"],  # 位置设置
        radius=[60, 80],   # 每个饼图内外圈的大小
    )
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(["奇幻", "其他"], [40, 60])],
        center=["55%", "30%"],
        radius=[60, 80],
    )
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(["爱情", "其他"], [24, 76])],
        center=["20%", "70%"],
        radius=[60, 80],
    )
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(["惊悚", "其他"], [11, 89])],
        center=["55%", "70%"],
        radius=[60, 80],
    )
    .set_global_opts(
        title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-多饼图基本示例"),
        legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(
            type_="scroll", pos_top="20%", pos_left="80%", orient="vertical"
        ),
    )
)

c.render_notebook()

玫瑰图

v = Faker.choose()
c = (
    Pie()
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(v, Faker.values())],   # 两个值
        radius=["30%", "60%"],  # 大小
        center=["25%", "50%"],  # 位置
        rosetype="radius",
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),
    )
    .add(
        "",
        [list(z) for z in zip(v, Faker.values())],
        radius=["30%", "60%"],
        center=["75%", "50%"],
        rosetype="area",
    )
    .set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Pie-玫瑰图示例"))
)

c.render_notebook()

环状饼图

本案例讲解的是如何绘制环状饼图（内嵌饼图）


import pyecharts.options as opts
from pyecharts.charts import Pie
from pyecharts.globals import ThemeType

# 内部饼图
inner_x_data = ["直达", "营销广告", "搜索引擎","产品"]
inner_y_data = [335, 679, 548, 283]
inner_data_pair = [list(z) for z in zip(inner_x_data, inner_y_data)]
# [['直达', 335], ['营销广告', 679], ['搜索引擎', 1548], [‘产品’, 283]]


# 外部环形（嵌套）
outer_x_data = ["搜索引擎", "邮件营销", "直达", "营销广告", "联盟广告", "视频广告", "产品", "百度", "谷歌","邮件营销", "联盟广告"]
outer_y_data = [335, 135, 147, 102, 220, 310, 234, 135, 648, 251]
outer_data_pair = [list(z) for z in zip(outer_x_data, outer_y_data)]


c = (
     # 初始化
    Pie(init_opts=opts.InitOpts(
        width="900px",
        height="800px",
        theme=ThemeType.SHINE))

    # 内部饼图
    .add(
        series_name="版本3.2.1",  # 系列名称
        center=["50%", "35%"],
        data_pair=inner_data_pair,  # 系列数据项，格式为 [(key1, value1), (key2, value2)]
        radius=["25%", "40%"],  #饼图半径 数组的第一项是内半径，第二项是外半径
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(position='inner'), #标签设置在内部
    )

    # 外部嵌套环形图
    .add(
        series_name="版本3.2.9",  # 系列名称
        center=["50%", "35%"],
        radius=["40%", "60%"],  #饼图半径 数组的第一项是内半径，第二项是外半径
        data_pair=outer_data_pair, # 系列数据项，格式为 [(key1, value1), (key2, value2)]

        # 标签配置项 参考上面的例子
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(
            position="outside",
            formatter="{a|{a}}{abg|}\n{hr|}\n {b|{b}: }{c}  {per|{d}%}  ",
            background_color="#eee",
            border_color="#aaa",
            border_width=1,
            border_radius=4,
            rich={
                "a": {"color": "#999",
                      "lineHeight": 22,
                      "align": "center"},

                "abg": {
                    "backgroundColor": "#e3e3e3",
                    "width": "100%",
                    "align": "right",
                    "height": 22,
                    "borderRadius": [4, 4, 0, 0],
                },


                "hr": {
                    "borderColor": "#aaa",
                    "width": "100%",
                    "borderWidth": 0.5,
                    "height": 0,
                },


                "b": {"fontSize": 16, "lineHeight": 33},


                "per": {
                    "color": "#eee",
                    "backgroundColor": "#334455",
                    "padding": [2, 4],
                    "borderRadius": 2,
                },
            },
        ),
    )

    # 全局配置项
    .set_global_opts(
        xaxis_opts = opts.AxisOpts(is_show = False),   #隐藏X轴刻度
        yaxis_opts = opts.AxisOpts(is_show = False),    #隐藏Y轴刻度
        legend_opts = opts.LegendOpts(is_show = True),  #隐藏图例
        title_opts = opts.TitleOpts(title = None),    #隐藏标题
                    )

    # 系统配置项
    .set_series_opts(
        tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(
            trigger="item",
            formatter="{a} <br/>{b}: {c} ({d}%)"
        ),
        label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=True)  # 隐藏每个触角标签
    )
)

c.render_notebook()