怎样解决WiFi速度和连接问题

Jack M. Germain

2020年5月14日 上午10：49

理论上，你们所需要的是一个崭新的、没有问题的无线路由器在家里或是办公室里。但是实际上，你们的无线连接总是会有干扰问题。

干扰会造成延迟发送，比有线连接、频繁掉线和再连接都有更高的延时性，有时甚至完全不能连接到WiFi信号。这些问题不好解决。除非你很幸运，只需要换个路由器就万事大吉了。

你的目标是由两部分组成的：1.你想避免支付有线网络连接来绕过缓慢不稳定的无线网络连接。2.你想要避免买更昂贵的无线路由器，而它仍会受到干扰问题。

你家庭或办公室的WiFi网络使用比例信号来分配网络宽带。这和调频收音，智能手机和电视兔耳使用是一样的科技。它容易受到同样问题的影响——干扰、渗透阻碍和范围限制。

典型地，你可以把无线网线连接问题总结成一个名单，包括：信号阻塞、路由器定位、固件问题，硬件缺点，以及你家或办公室的实际大小。

但是，你的WiFi问题也可能是收到邻居的影响而造成的。WiFi干扰最普遍的一个来源就是WiFi信号和停滞来自于附近的电力提供，即就是你的邻居。

你可以使用以下几条建议来微调你的WiFi设置。

1.调查地形

若果你面临无线问题，首先确保你设备或是互联网服务供应商的硬件连接没有差错。一些供应商将WiFi服务作为互联网电缆调解器的一大特点。

你看可以通过拨打互联网服务商的电话来证实你家的互联网硬线管道是正常工作的。技术人员可以远程检测，重新设置你的连接，并用与调解器硬线连接的手提电脑为你进行一个快速的测试。发现问题后，技术人员会安排时间进行电话服务来解决你的问题。

如果你的无线服务是由移动WiFi设备提供的，那么好跳过互联网服务供应商诊断，集中在解决路由器问题上。在这种情况下，你的目标是保护你的移动WiFi设备免受干扰和穿透因素的影响。

做一个调查来消除潜在的风险。通过试错法排除这些：

——定位。你的路由器是否放置在你家或办公室的一个偏僻的小角落？他是否放置在地板上或是被家具阻隔了？把它移到较高的地方来。它的光越清晰，连接越好。尝试把你的路由器尽可能的放在你家的中心位置。

——从解调器或是路由器上拔掉你的电脑。然后关闭电脑和其他连接网络的设备，包括任何媒体流小物件。重新启动你的解调器，接着打开路由器（如果你有的话），并等待信号灯稳定。最后，打开你的电脑并连接到无线信号中。

——对你的互联网服务商的速度进行研究，可以检测网站，或使用第三方速度来检测网站。如果你用硬件连接结果不理想，那么联系你的互联网服务供应商。有线连接的失败会影响无线连接。WiFi连接本身就更慢。下载速度要比上传速度更快。

2.识别竞争

如果你发现你的无线连接过于缓慢，或是每次你测试的结果区别很大，那么你应该扩大你的现场调查。开始寻找附近的设备，它们可能会造成信号干扰。

路由器经常和无线电话，蓝牙喇叭、微波炉和婴儿监视器竞争。暂时关掉这些设备并检查WiFi连接。再依次打开这些设备来查明妨害者。移动无线路由器到其他地方可以减小或消除干扰。

你可能发现在你家或办公室其他地方的接受效果较差。这也表明渗入或是范围问题，或两者都有。在这种情况下，扩大你的调查，使之涉及到那些接受信号较差的区域。

——在手机上下载一个WiFi分析app。一个好的选择是安卓系统上Farproc的WiFi分析器，它拥有实时的信号指示器。其他app也是也可以的。你可以免费从谷歌的应用商店里获取Farproc的这款应用。

——使用谷歌应用商店可免费获取的应用，如WiFi热图、网络分析器和信号分析器等在你的区域内创建一个WiFi热图。你也可以使用安卓系统上免费的WiFi分析器，它也拥有实时的信号显示器。

——另外一个很好的选择是网络分析器，它适用于苹果和安卓系统，能够分析、扫描、探测网络问题。

3.改变频道

家里普遍使用的设备通常是2.4千兆赫的频率，它无法穿过坚硬的墙壁。2.4千兆赫的频率被称为“频道”，通常被使用于邻近的WiFi网络中，并因此会造成干扰。

WiFi标准将2.4千兆赫的阻碍提升到了14个重叠的拥有大范围频率的频道。这些频道一起工作，但是当其中两个或更多个邻近的网络使用同一频道时，他们就会互相干扰，减少频带。

你可以将你的WiFi频道调整为一个附近没有人使用的频道。

从和路由器相连的个人计算机的浏览器上打开路由器配置仪表板查阅路由器使用说明。如果需要的话可以进行基于复印模型数字的网络基础研究。

然后打开路由器的无线标签,选择一个可获得的没有使用的频道，保存这个配置并检查连接结果。

如果你住在公寓里，那么这个办法是很有帮助的。如果附近的WiFi网络和你的网络共用一个频道，那么就改变你的网络频道。

4.切换频道

家庭内的应用——包括无线电话、婴儿监视和微波炉等——都会造成无线干扰。当他们同时处在使用状态时，你的WiFi可能会中断。这一情形是造成所谓的的“间歇性连接”的主要原因之一。它会用一些技巧型的探测来追踪妨害的设备。

当一台设备使用相同的频道时也会出现这种情况。当接入点相距过近或是配置的输出功率过高时，也会造成共频道干扰。

要减小或是消除其他WiFi设备的干扰的一个简单办法是在可用的情况下，使之频道自动化。使用频道自动化的WiFi接入点定期扫描wifi频谱并基于其他可视WiFi信号选择最清楚的。

另一个选择是购买不使用2.4或5千兆赫频率的无线电话或耳机。较新的无线电话系统使用DECT 6.0技术和1.9千兆赫宽带，而不是2.4或5千兆赫宽带。

这一方法也可解决婴儿监视器或其他视频监视设备。例如，许多婴儿监视设备使用900兆赫频率，并不会干扰到WiFi。然而，一些2.4千兆赫的无线监视设备会干扰80211g或802.11n的单波段路由器。

5.检查渗透

穿透问题——即你家中一些房间无法接收到WiFi信号的问题。这和范围问题类似，但是甚至遍及范围广的路由器也会受到你家中或办公室里实体阻碍地影响。

例如，不要把路由器放在像玻璃、镜子、或金属等反射性物质表面。WiFi信号会反弹回来。墙，尤其是混凝土墙璧，会极大地减弱你的WiFi信号。

所有金属表面会反射WiFi信号，信号会从窗户、镜子、金属文件阁和不锈钢台面上反弹，减弱网络信号并缩小网络布及范围。

水—墙后的鱼缸和水管—会吸收WiFi信号，极大的影响你的WiFi信号。大干扰也会来自于附近的电视，卤素灯和电子调光开关。立体声香或电脑扬声器也会造成干扰。因此，把路由器放在墙上靠近输电线的地方。

除了移动路由器或可移动设备以外，一个有用的能减轻这问题的办法是安装WiFi扩展器。把这些小设备插入墙上的的插座中，连接到路由器上，就能有更大的WiFi信号覆盖范围。

6.购买新的装备

解决WiFi信号问题的其他两个选择办法是：更新旧的路由器的固件，或是买一个新的路由器。

旧的路由器通常是“罪魁祸首”。及时更新你的固件可以减小或完全消除现有的连接问题。

要更新旧设备的固件，你必须通过浏览器进入路由器的管理界面。较新的路由器允许你按设备上的按钮来更新。

有时，最简单的方法就是买一个新的路由器。最新的型号会提供更好的WiFi速度和更强更广的渗透和覆盖范围。

寻找拥有802.11n或是AC科技的，有双重或三重频带性能的路由器。相比于N路由器的4×40兆赫标准，AC路由器有最大可达8×160兆赫的频宽。增加的频宽支持无延缓地传输更多数据。

考虑一个路由器连接多个频宽。这个解决办法将允许你保持2.4千兆赫的设备继续在器频带上，同时将支持最新的WiFi标准的设备分配以更高的频带。本质上，如果你有多个路由器的话，它也能支持你工作。

WiFi网络最新的改进之一是网眼网络。这项科技比安装WiFi扩展器花费更高，但你在核心情况下可能发现它是必要的。网眼路由器旨在通过多个接入点来传播WiFi网络。

How to Solve WiFi Speed and Connection Problems

By Jack M. Germain May 14, 2020 10:49 AM PT

How to Solve WiFi Speed and Connection Problems | Internet of Things | TechNewsWorld

In theory, all you need is a shiny new router for hassle-free wireless connections in your home or small office. Yet in practice, your wireless reception often will be plagued with interference issues.

Interference can cause slow delivery, higher latency than hardwired connections, frequent disconnects and reconnects, and sometimes a complete inability to access a WiFi signal. These problems can be tricky to solve. Unless you are lucky, the solution is not as simple as changing routers.

Your goal is twofold: 1) You want to avoid paying for hardwired Internet connections throughout your house or office to bypass slow or unstable wireless connectivity; 2)You want to avoid buying more expensive wireless routers that still might be subject to interference.

Your home or office WiFi network distributes Internet bandwidth using radio signals. It is the same technology that FM radio, smartphones and television rabbit-ears use. It is susceptible to the same kinds of problems -- interference, penetration blocks and range limitations.

Typically, you can trace wireless connectivity problems to a shortlist of culprits: signal congestion, router location, firmware issues, hardware shortcomings, and the physical size of your home or office.

However, your WiFi problems also could be caused by your neighbors. One of the most common sources of WiFi interference is WiFi signals and static from nearby electrical supplies. That is where your neighbors come into the picture.

Use the following suggestions to fine-tune your WiFi setup.

1. Survey the Terrain

If you have wireless issues, first make sure that the hardwired connection from your service provider or ISP is not at fault. Some providers include WiFi service as a feature of the Internet cable modem.

You can verify that the hardwired Internet pipe to your home is functioning correctly by calling your ISP. The technician can perform tests on the line remotely, reset your connection, and get you to run speed tests with a laptop hardwired to the modem. Upon finding a problem, the technician can schedule a service call to your property to fix the problem.

If your wireless service comes strictly from a mobile WiFi device, skip the ISP diagnosis and focus on troubleshooting to solve router issues. In this case, your goal is to protect your mobile WiFi device from penetration and interference factors.

Conduct a survey to eliminate potential culprits. Rule out each of these items by trial and error:

• Location counts. Is your router stashed in a distant corner of your workspace or office? Is it low to the floor or blocked by furniture? Move it to a higher spot. The clearer the line of sight, the better the connectivity. Try placing your router as close to the center of your home as possible.
• Unplug your computer from the modem or router. Then turn off the computer and switch off all other devices connected to the network, including any media-streaming gadgets. Reboot your modem and allow it to fully power on. Then power on the additional router, if you have one, and wait for the lights to stabilize. Last, power on your computer and connect it to the wireless signal.
• Do an Internet search for your ISP's speed test website, or use a third-party speed test website. If you get poor results for the hardwired connection, contact your ISP. A bad wired connection breeds a terrible wireless feed. WiFi connections, by nature, are slower. Download speeds will be faster than upload speeds.

2. Identify the Competition

If you discover that your wireless results are much too slow, or vary drastically with each test you run, it is time to expand your on-site survey. Start looking for nearby devices in your home or office that could be causing signal interference.

Routers often compete with commonly used devices like cordless phones, Bluetooth speakers, microwave ovens and baby monitors. Temporarily turn off all such devices and check the WiFi connection. Turn on each device one by one to find the offender. Moving the wireless router elsewhere can minimize or eliminate the interference.

You may find that reception falls off in other parts of your home or office. That indicates a penetration or range issue, or both. In this case, expand your survey to the areas where signal strength is poor.

• Download a WiFi-analyzing app for your smartphone. A good choice is Farproc's WiFi Analyzer for Android, which has a real-time signal strength meter. Others apps are available too. You can obtain Farproc's free app from the Google Play store.
• Create an actual WiFi heat map of your area using a free tool like WiFi Heatmap, a network analyzer and signal meter available at Google Play. Netspot works for Macs and Windows computers. You also can use an app like the free WiFi Analyzer for Android, which has a real-time signal strength meter.
• Another good option is Network Analyzer, an all-in-one iPhone and Android app for network analysis, scanning and problem detection.

3. Change Channels

Commonly used connected home devices use a block of tiny-wave 2.4 GHz frequencies, which have difficulty penetrating solid, mass-like walls. The 2.4 GHz frequencies, called "channels," are commonly used by neighboring WiFi networks and so can cause interference.

WiFi standards split WiFi signals in the 2.4 GHz block into up to 14 overlapping channels that act like a range of frequencies. The channels are designed to work together, but when two or more adjacent networks use the same channel they can interfere with each other, reducing bandwidth.

You can change your network's WiFi channel to one that is not being used nearby.

Open the router configuration dashboard from within a PC browser connected to your router. Refer to the router manual for instructions and password. Perform a Web-based search based on model number for a copy if you need it.

Then open the router's wireless tab. Select an available unused channel. Save the configuration and check the connection results.

This can be helpful if you live or work in an apartment or condo-style building. If a nearby WiFi network operates on the same channel as your network, change yours.

4. Juggle Channels

Household appliances -- including cordless phones, baby monitors and microwave ovens -- can cause wireless interference. When they are in use, your WiFi network can cut out. This situation is one of the chief causes of so-called "intermittent connectivity." It can take some clever sleuthing to track down the offending device or devices.

This can happen when a device uses the same channel. Co-channel interference also can result when access points are placed too close together or are configured with an output power that is too high.

An easy way to reduce or eliminate interference from other WiFi equipment is to enable auto-channel if it's available on your devices. WiFi access points that use auto-channel periodically scan the WiFi spectrum and select the clearest channel based on what other WiFi signals are visible.

Another option is to purchase and use cordless phones and headsets that do not use the 2.4 or 5GHz frequencies. Newer cordless phone systems use DECT 6.0 technology and the 1.9GHz band, not the 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz bands.

The same fix can work with a baby monitor or other video monitoring devices. For instance, many baby monitors operate at 900MHz and do not interfere with WiFi. However, some wireless monitors are 2.4GHz, which can interfere with 802.11g or single-band 802.11n routers.

5. Check Penetration

Penetration -- or lack thereof -- is a physical circumstance to consider as a cause when your WiFi signal does not reach devices in other rooms in your house. It is similar to range issues, but even routers with the capability of going the distance can be hampered by physical barriers in your home or office.

For example, do not place the router near reflective surfaces like glass, mirrors and metal. WiFi signals tend to bounce off them. Walls, especially those made of concrete, can severely degrade your WiFi signal.

All metallic surfaces reflect WiFi signals. Signals can bounce off windows, mirrors, metal file cabinets and stainless steel countertops, reducing both network range and performance.

Water -- think fish tanks and water lines behind walls -- can absorb WiFi signals, dramatically affecting your signal strength. Heavy interference can come from nearby TVs, Halogen lamps and electrical dimmer switches. Stereo or computer speakers can cause interference. So can placing a router near power lines in a wall.

One useful option to mitigate these circumstances, other than moving the router or the mobile device, is to install a series of WiFi extenders. You plug these tiny devices into a wall socket, pair them with the router, and have better WiFi signal range.

6. Buy New Gear

Two other options exist to cure consistently bad WiFi. Either update an older router's firmware or buy a new router.

Old firmware is often the culprit. Keeping your firmware up-to-date can minimize or outright eliminate ongoing connectivity problems.

To upgrade firmware on older devices, you have to access the router's administrative interface through a Web browser. Newer routers let you update by pushing a button on the device.

Sometimes, the easiest cure is simply getting a new router. The latest models offer improved WiFi speeds as well as better penetration and range.

Look for a router with an 802.11 N or AC technology with dual- or triple-band capabilities. AC routers have a maximum spectral bandwidth of around 8 x 160 MHz, compared to the 4 x 40 MHz standard of N routers. This increased bandwidth allows more data to be transmitted without slowing down.

Consider a router with multiple bands. This solution would let you keep older 2.4GHz devices on their own bands while allocating newer devices that support the latest WiFi standards to the higher bands. In essence, it lets you function as if you had multiple routers.

One of the newest WiFi network improvements is a Mesh network. This technology is a bit more costly than installing WiFi extenders, but you might find it necessary in hard-core reception situations. Mesh routers are designed to spread a WiFi network's coverage through multiple access points.