Android ListView列表视图的使用方法

砸漏

发布于 2020-10-27 10:42:38

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发布于 2020-10-27 10:42:38

文章被收录于专栏：恩蓝脚本

前言

当你要将某个从数据库或者文件中获得相当大的数据，在界面中向用户展示的时候，由于定义一个个视图比较麻烦，Android中提供了类似于数组的控件–ListView。

使用方法:

假设我们要转的数据是一个Person对象数组

package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;

public class Person {
 private String name;
 private String tel;
 
 
 public Person(String name, String tel) {
 super();
 this.name = name;
 this.tel = tel;
 }
 
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 
 public String getTel() {
 return tel;
 }
 
 public void setTel(String tel) {
 this.tel = tel;
 }
 
 public String toString() {
 return "点击的联系人为" + this.getName() +"\n电话号码为" + this.getTel();
 }
 
}

Person[] DB = {
     new Person("张三","18555555555"),
     new Person("李四","18555555556"),
     new Person("王五","18555555557"),
     new Person("赵六","18555555558"),
     new Person("邓七","18555555559")   
     
    };
    
List<Person  friend_List;    
friend_List = new ArrayList<Person ();
for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) {
 friend_List.add(DB[i]);
}

1、首先，你需要在xml中加入一个listview控件:

<ListView
  android:id="@+id/data_view"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
</ListView

2、接着你需要创建一个适配器MyAdapter类，这个适配器的作用时将你要展示的数据转成可见格式也就时View。

class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

 @Override
 public int getCount() { //返回表的长度
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return friend_List.size();
 }

 @Override
 public Object getItem(int position) { //返回表的index位置的元组
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return friend_List.get(position); 
 }

 @Override
 public long getItemId(int position) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return position;
 }

 @Override
 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  View view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);
  TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);
  TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);
  tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());
  tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());
  return view;
  //初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中
 }
   
  }

3、然后要在xml中写下你要转成的view的模板

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"? <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="horizontal"  
  
  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_item_name"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    / 
  
  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_item_tel"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    / 

</LinearLayout

4、最后在MainActivity中把listview的适配器设置一下。调用setAdapter这个方法

data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter);

Android代码： xml：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical"  
  
  <LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     
  
   <TextView
     android:id="@+id/tv1"
     android:layout_width="0dp"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:layout_weight="1"
     android:gravity="center"
     android:text="姓名"
     android:textSize="20sp"
     / 
   
   <TextView
     android:id="@+id/tv2"
     android:layout_width="0dp"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
     android:layout_weight="1"
     android:gravity="center"
     android:text="联系电话"
     android:textSize="20sp"
     / 
   
   </LinearLayout 
   
   <ListView
     android:id="@+id/data_view"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
   </ListView 


</LinearLayout

MainActivity:

package cn.zhuangzhihuang.mylist;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

 List<Person  friend_List;
 
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
    ListView data_view = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.data_view);
    
    Person[] DB = {
     new Person("张三","18555555555"),
     new Person("李四","18555555556"),
     new Person("王五","18555555557"),
     new Person("赵六","18555555558"),
     new Person("邓七","18555555559")   
     
    };
    
    friend_List = new ArrayList<Person ();
    for(int i=0;i<DB.length;i++) {
     friend_List.add(DB[i]);
    }
    
    //自定义适配器
    MyAdapter myAdapter = new MyAdapter();
    data_view.setAdapter(myAdapter);
    
    data_view.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {

  @Override
  public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?  parent, View view,
   int position, long id) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  String temp = friend_List.get((int)id).toString();
  
  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, temp, 0).show();
  
  }
 });
  }
  
  class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

 @Override
 public int getCount() { //返回表的长度
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return friend_List.size();
 }

 @Override
 public Object getItem(int position) { //返回表的index位置的元组
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return friend_List.get(position); 
 }

 @Override
 public long getItemId(int position) {
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  return position;
 }

 @Override
 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { //就像等到一个对象数组的某一个元素
  // TODO Auto-generated method stub
  View view = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item, null);
  TextView tv_item_name = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_name);
  TextView tv_item_tel = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_tel);
  tv_item_name.setText(friend_List.get(position).getName());
  tv_item_tel.setText(friend_List.get(position).getTel());
  return view;
  //初始化这个listview会调用到这个方法，因为要把传进去的对象数组的每个元素转成view加入到listview中
 }
   
  }
}

效果：