OkHttp官网地址:https://square.github.io/okhttp/
用法如下:(get请求)
package okhttp3.guide;
import java.io.IOException;import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;import okhttp3.Request;import okhttp3.Response;
public class GetExample { OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
String run(String url) throws IOException { Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .build();
try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()) { return response.body().string(); } }
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { GetExample example = new GetExample(); String response = example.run("https://raw.github.com/square/okhttp/master/README.md"); System.out.println(response); }}
Github下载源码地址https://github.com/square/okhttp
4.x以上的版本都大部分更新为kotlin了,可以更改分支下载3.x的版本来看
一、先来看第一步构造函数
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
源码:
public OkHttpClient() { this(new Builder());}
Builder()中就是初始化了一堆变量,没啥东西
二、来看get请求
new Request.Builder()
源码:找内部类Builder的构造函数
public Builder() { this.method = "GET"; this.headers = new Headers.Builder();}
源码:接着找Headers的内部类Builder,暂时构造了一个变量,还没有做什么
三、下面是执行.url方法,当然是Request内部类Builder的url方法,url暂定为String
源码:
public Builder url(String url) { if (url == null) throw new NullPointerException("url == null");
// Silently replace web socket URLs with HTTP URLs. if (url.regionMatches(true, 0, "ws:", 0, 3)) { url = "http:" + url.substring(3); } else if (url.regionMatches(true, 0, "wss:", 0, 4)) { url = "https:" + url.substring(4); }
return url(HttpUrl.get(url));}
前面是加前缀,后面去到HttpUrl里去
public static HttpUrl get(String url) { return new Builder().parse(null, url).build(); }
HttpUrl的内部类Builder的构造函数
public Builder() { encodedPathSegments.add(""); // The default path is '/' which needs a trailing space.}
encodedPathSegments是一个ArrayList
HttpUrl的内部类Builder的parse方法就是一连串的参数解析,大家可以看源码
最后一个build()方法
public HttpUrl build() { if (scheme == null) throw new IllegalStateException("scheme == null"); if (host == null) throw new IllegalStateException("host == null"); return new HttpUrl(this);}
这个HttpUrl的带参构造函数中也是一堆变量的初始化
回到Request内部类Builder的url方法
public Builder url(HttpUrl url) { if (url == null) throw new NullPointerException("url == null"); this.url = url; return this;}
接着是Request内部类Builder的build方法
public Request build() { if (url == null) throw new IllegalStateException("url == null"); return new Request(this);}
Request的带参构造函数
Request(Builder builder) { this.url = builder.url; this.method = builder.method; this.headers = builder.headers.build(); this.body = builder.body; this.tags = Util.immutableMap(builder.tags);}
四。接下来很重要了,是执行请求
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()
OkHttpClient中的newCall方法
@Override public Call newCall(Request request) { return RealCall.newRealCall(this, request, false /* for web socket */);}
进到RealCall中的newRealCall方法
static RealCall newRealCall(OkHttpClient client, Request originalRequest, boolean forWebSocket) { // Safely publish the Call instance to the EventListener. RealCall call = new RealCall(client, originalRequest, forWebSocket); call.transmitter = new Transmitter(client, call); return call;}
构造函数不用管,进去Transmitter中的构造函数
public Transmitter(OkHttpClient client, Call call) { this.client = client; this.connectionPool = Internal.instance.realConnectionPool(client.connectionPool()); this.call = call; this.eventListener = client.eventListenerFactory().create(call); this.timeout.timeout(client.callTimeoutMillis(), MILLISECONDS);}
其中这个Internal.instance.realConnectionPool(client.connectionPool())可以找到OkHttpClient的static代码块执行后返回了一个RealConnectionPool
private static final Executor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0 /* corePoolSize */, Integer.MAX_VALUE /* maximumPoolSize */, 60L /* keepAliveTime */, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<>(), Util.threadFactory("OkHttp ConnectionPool", true));
RealConnectionPool一看就知道是0个核心线程,最大值个非核心线程的线程池;这里还出现了一个Deque双端队列,即队列的升级版,两个端口都可以进出元素,更加灵活
最后就是RealCall的execute方法了,注意RealCall里有个内部类AsyncCall也有execute方法,注意不要搞混了
@Override public Response execute() throws IOException { synchronized (this) { if (executed) throw new IllegalStateException("Already Executed"); executed = true; } transmitter.timeoutEnter(); transmitter.callStart(); try { client.dispatcher().executed(this); return getResponseWithInterceptorChain(); } finally { client.dispatcher().finished(this); }}
client.dispatcher().executed(this)执行的是
synchronized void executed(RealCall call) { runningSyncCalls.add(call); }
runningSyncCalls就是我们上面提到的Deque双端队列
下面就是最最核心的getResponseWithInterceptorChain方法
Response getResponseWithInterceptorChain() throws IOException { // Build a full stack of interceptors. List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>(); interceptors.addAll(client.interceptors()); interceptors.add(new RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor(client)); interceptors.add(new BridgeInterceptor(client.cookieJar())); interceptors.add(new CacheInterceptor(client.internalCache())); interceptors.add(new ConnectInterceptor(client)); if (!forWebSocket) { interceptors.addAll(client.networkInterceptors()); } interceptors.add(new CallServerInterceptor(forWebSocket));
Interceptor.Chain chain = new RealInterceptorChain(interceptors, transmitter, null, 0, originalRequest, this, client.connectTimeoutMillis(), client.readTimeoutMillis(), client.writeTimeoutMillis());
boolean calledNoMoreExchanges = false; try { Response response = chain.proceed(originalRequest); if (transmitter.isCanceled()) { closeQuietly(response); throw new IOException("Canceled"); } return response; } catch (IOException e) { calledNoMoreExchanges = true; throw transmitter.noMoreExchanges(e); } finally { if (!calledNoMoreExchanges) { transmitter.noMoreExchanges(null); } }}
RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor重试和跳转拦截器
BridgeInterceptor桥接拦截器,即加请求头和去响应头
CacheInterceptor缓存拦截器
ConnectInterceptor连接拦截器
CallServerInterceptor调用服务拦截器
List添加好全部Interceptor之后,执行chain.proceed(originalRequest)来到RealInterceptorChain中的proceed方法
public Response proceed(Request request, Transmitter transmitter, @Nullable Exchange exchange) throws IOException { if (index >= interceptors.size()) throw new AssertionError();
calls++;
// If we already have a stream, confirm that the incoming request will use it. if (this.exchange != null && !this.exchange.connection().supportsUrl(request.url())) { throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptors.get(index - 1) + " must retain the same host and port"); }
// If we already have a stream, confirm that this is the only call to chain.proceed(). if (this.exchange != null && calls > 1) { throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptors.get(index - 1) + " must call proceed() exactly once"); }
// Call the next interceptor in the chain. RealInterceptorChain next = new RealInterceptorChain(interceptors, transmitter, exchange, index + 1, request, call, connectTimeout, readTimeout, writeTimeout); Interceptor interceptor = interceptors.get(index); Response response = interceptor.intercept(next);
// Confirm that the next interceptor made its required call to chain.proceed(). if (exchange != null && index + 1 < interceptors.size() && next.calls != 1) { throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptor + " must call proceed() exactly once"); }
// Confirm that the intercepted response isn't null. if (response == null) { throw new NullPointerException("interceptor " + interceptor + " returned null"); }
if (response.body() == null) { throw new IllegalStateException( "interceptor " + interceptor + " returned a response with no body"); }
return response;}
Interceptor interceptor = interceptors.get(index);Response response = interceptor.intercept(next);
一开始传入的index为0,就是从第一个拦截器开始执行每个拦截器的intercept方法,index逐次+1
每个拦截器里都调用chain.proceed,这样所有的拦截器就形成链条。这里每个拦截器的作用就不讲了