Python 学习之 Tkinter「下」

# 创建一个 listbox ，并向其中添加元素

lb = tkinter.Listbox(win, selectmode=tkinter.BROWSE)
lb.pack()

for i in ["man", "pig", "dog", "cat"]:
    lb.insert(tkinter.END, i)  # 按顺序依次往后添加元素

lb.insert(tkinter.ACTIVE, "chicken")  # 添加到开始的位置

# 将列表元素当做一个整体添加，不常用
lb.insert(tkinter.END, ["bird", "duck"])

# 删除元素：参数 1 为开始的引用，参数 2 为结束的索引，如果不指出参数 2 ，只删除第一个索引处的内容
lb.delete(1, 2)
lb.delete(1)

# 选中 用法同删除
lb.select_set(0, 1)

# 取消选中，用法同删除
lb.select_clear(0)

print(lb.size)  # 控制台返回元素个数

print(lb.get(0, 2))  # 获取元素值，用法同删除

print(lb.curselection())  # 返回当前的索引值

print(lb.selection_includes(1))  # 判断索引项是否被选中

# 绑定变量
v = tkinter.StringVar()

# SINGLE 与 BORWSE 相似，但是不支持鼠标按下后移动选中位置
lb = tkinter.Listbox(win, selectmode=tkinter.SINGLE, listvariable=v)
lb.pack()

for i in ["green", "blue", "yellow", "white"]:
    lb.insert(tkinter.END, i)  

print(v.get())  # 取出元组类型的数据 ('green', 'blue', 'yellow', 'white')

v.set(("one", "two", "three", "four"))  # 设置元素值

# 绑定事件 鼠标双击两次，控制台输出对应的列表项的值
def show(event):
    print(lb.get(lb.curselection()))

lb.bind('<Double-Button-1>', show)

# EXTENDED 通过 shift 和 control 可以使 ListBox 支持连选和多选，MULTIPLE 支持连选和多选
lb = tkinter.Listbox(win, selectmode=tkinter.MULTIPLE)

for i in ["green", "blue", "yellow", "white", "red", "black", "man","pig", "dog", "cat", "green", "blue","yellow", "white", "red", "black", "man", "pig", "dog", "cat"]:
    lb.insert(tkinter.END, i) 

sc = tkinter.Scrollbar(win)  # 滚动条
sc.pack(side=tkinter.RIGHT, fill=tkinter.Y)

lb.configure(yscrollcommand=sc.set)  # 关联配置
sc['command']=lb.yview  # 额外给属性赋值

lb.pack(side=tkinter.LEFT, fill=tkinter.BOTH)

scale = tkinter.Scale(win, from_=0, to=100, orient=tkinter.HORIZONTAL,tickinterval=10, length=300)

scale.set(10)  # 设置初始值
scale.pack()

def show():  # 点击按钮显示对应的数值
    print(scale.get())
tkinter.Button(win, text="显示", command=show).pack()

v = tkinter.StringVar()

def update():
    print(v.get())  # 实时触发值的改变

# 数值范围控件  # increment 步长 默认为 1
sp = tkinter.Spinbox(win, from_=0, to=100, increment=5, textvariable=v, command=update)

# 注意 values 不要与 from_=0, to=100, increment=5 同时使用，不常用
# sp = tkinter.Spinbox(win, values=(0, 2, 4, 6, 8))

v.set(20)  
print(v.get())  

sp.pack()

# 菜单条
menuBar = tkinter.Menu(win)
win.config(menu=menuBar)

# 创建一个菜单选项
menu1 = tkinter.Menu(menuBar, tearoff=True)

# 给菜单选项添加内容
for i in ["C", "C++", "Java", "Python", "PHP", "JS", "C#", "Mysql", "退出"]:
    if i == "退出":
        menu1.add_separator()  # 添加分割线
        menu1.add_command(label=i, command=win.quit)
    else:
        menu1.add_command(label=i)

menu2 = tkinter.Menu(menuBar, tearoff=False)
for i in ["white", "black", "red", "green", "blue", "yellow", "pink"]:
    menu2.add_command(label=i)

# 向菜单条中添加菜单选项
menuBar.add_cascade(label="Language", menu=menu1)
menuBar.add_cascade(label="Color", menu=menu2)

# 鼠标右键显示菜单
menuBar = tkinter.Menu(win)

menu = tkinter.Menu(menuBar, tearoff=True)
for i in ["white", "black", "red", "green", "blue", "yellow", "pink"]:
    menu.add_command(label=i)

menuBar.add_cascade(label="Color", menu=menu)

def showMenu(event):
    menuBar.post(event.x_root, event.y_root)
win.bind("<Button-3>", showMenu)