缓存处理是个相当头疼的事情,要根据需要综合应用不同的策略。总的来说有以下几种情况:
1.URL缓存,例如社交应用的帖子浏览,要在viewDidAppear:里面进行URL缓存。简单来说就是用NSURLCache类,首先在AppDelegate.m里面的
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions;方法里面创建一个NSURLCache的单例:
//设置内存缓存大小 NSURLCache *URLCache = [[NSURLCache alloc] initWithMemoryCapacity:4 * 1024 * 1024 diskCapacity:10 * 1024 * 1024 diskPath:nil]; [NSURLCache setSharedURLCache:URLCache]; 然后的ViewController.m里面实现方法:
//网络缓存响应方法
- (IBAction)senderButton:(id)sender {
//天气Api接口
NSString* path = @"http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101110101.html";
[self getByURL:path andCallBack:^(id obj) {
NSString *str = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:obj encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"=========================================================\n");
NSLog(@"post缓存测试:%@",str);
NSLog(@"=========================================================\n");
}];
}
//网络请求的内存缓存方法
-(void)getByURL:(NSString *)path andCallBack:(CallBack)callback{
NSString* pathStr = [path stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:pathStr];
NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
[request setCachePolicy:NSURLRequestReloadRevalidatingCacheData];
NSCachedURLResponse* response = [[NSURLCache sharedURLCache] cachedResponseForRequest:request];
//判断是否有缓存
if (response != nil) {
NSLog(@"有缓存");
[request setCachePolicy:NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad];
}else{
NSLog(@"没有缓存");
}
//创建NSURLConnection
NSData* data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:nil error:nil];
callback(data);
}
2.文件缓存,例如用户信息等基本不会变化的信息保存在本地沙箱
//用户信息缓存用文件保存在沙箱
- (IBAction)userCache:(UIButton *)sender {
self.UserPath = [self saveFileToDocuments:@"http://www.weather.com.cn/data/sk/101020100.html"];
}
//保存文件到沙箱
- (NSString *)saveFileToDocuments:(NSString *)url
{
NSString *resultFilePath = @"";
NSString *destFilePath = [[NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents"] stringByAppendingPathComponent:url]; // 加上url,组合成本地文件PATH
NSString *destFolderPath = [destFilePath stringByDeletingLastPathComponent];
// 判断路径文件夹是否存在不存在则创建
if (! [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:destFolderPath]) {
NSLog(@"文件夹不存在,新建文件夹");
[[NSFileManager defaultManager] createDirectoryAtPath:destFolderPath withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
}
// 判断该文件是否已经下载过
if ([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:destFilePath]) {
NSLog(@"文件已下载\n");
resultFilePath = destFilePath;
} else {
NSLog(@"没有缓存,请求数据\n");
NSData *userInfoData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];
if ([userInfoData writeToFile:destFilePath atomically:YES]) {
resultFilePath = destFilePath;
}
}
NSData *userInfoData=[[NSFileManager defaultManager] contentsAtPath:resultFilePath];
NSString* str = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:userInfoData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSLog(@"=========================================================\n");
NSLog(@"user:%@",str);
NSLog(@"=========================================================\n");
return resultFilePath;
}
3.图片缓存是最重要的,费流量还占内存,所以推荐使用第三方SDWebImage
最简单的就是用这个方法:
[self.imageView sd_setImageWithURL:url completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL *imageURL) {
if (cacheType==SDImageCacheTypeNone) {
NSLog(@"没有缓存,从网络下载");
}else if (cacheType==SDImageCacheTypeDisk){
NSLog(@"有缓存,从磁盘读取");
}else{
NSLog(@"有缓存,从内存读取");
}
}];
想知道这个方法的内部机制请看这里。
想要demo的去这里下载。