iOS底层原理总结 - 探寻Class的本质

Class objectClass = [NSObject class];        
Class objectMetaClass = object_getClass([NSObject class]);

typedef struct objc_class *Class;

struct objc_class {
    Class _Nonnull isa  OBJC_ISA_AVAILABILITY;

#if !__OBJC2__
    Class _Nullable super_class                              OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    const char * _Nonnull name                               OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long version                                             OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long info                                                OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    long instance_size                                       OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_ivar_list * _Nullable ivars                  OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_method_list * _Nullable * _Nullable methodLists                    OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_cache * _Nonnull cache                       OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
    struct objc_protocol_list * _Nullable protocols          OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
#endif

} OBJC2_UNAVAILABLE;
/* Use `Class` instead of `struct objc_class *` */

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#ifndef XXClassInfo_h
#define XXClassInfo_h

# if __arm64__
#   define ISA_MASK        0x0000000ffffffff8ULL
# elif __x86_64__
#   define ISA_MASK        0x00007ffffffffff8ULL
# endif

#if __LP64__
typedef uint32_t mask_t;
#else
typedef uint16_t mask_t;
#endif
typedef uintptr_t cache_key_t;

struct bucket_t {
    cache_key_t _key;
    IMP _imp;
};

struct cache_t {
    bucket_t *_buckets;
    mask_t _mask;
    mask_t _occupied;
};

struct entsize_list_tt {
    uint32_t entsizeAndFlags;
    uint32_t count;
};

struct method_t {
    SEL name;
    const char *types;
    IMP imp;
};

struct method_list_t : entsize_list_tt {
    method_t first;
};

struct ivar_t {
    int32_t *offset;
    const char *name;
    const char *type;
    uint32_t alignment_raw;
    uint32_t size;
};

struct ivar_list_t : entsize_list_tt {
    ivar_t first;
};

struct property_t {
    const char *name;
    const char *attributes;
};

struct property_list_t : entsize_list_tt {
    property_t first;
};

struct chained_property_list {
    chained_property_list *next;
    uint32_t count;
    property_t list[0];
};

typedef uintptr_t protocol_ref_t;
struct protocol_list_t {
    uintptr_t count;
    protocol_ref_t list[0];
};

struct class_ro_t {
    uint32_t flags;
    uint32_t instanceStart;
    uint32_t instanceSize;  // instance对象占用的内存空间
#ifdef __LP64__
    uint32_t reserved;
#endif
    const uint8_t * ivarLayout;
    const char * name;  // 类名
    method_list_t * baseMethodList;
    protocol_list_t * baseProtocols;
    const ivar_list_t * ivars;  // 成员变量列表
    const uint8_t * weakIvarLayout;
    property_list_t *baseProperties;
};

struct class_rw_t {
    uint32_t flags;
    uint32_t version;
    const class_ro_t *ro;
    method_list_t * methods;    // 方法列表
    property_list_t *properties;    // 属性列表
    const protocol_list_t * protocols;  // 协议列表
    Class firstSubclass;
    Class nextSiblingClass;
    char *demangledName;
};

#define FAST_DATA_MASK          0x00007ffffffffff8UL
struct class_data_bits_t {
    uintptr_t bits;
public:
    class_rw_t* data() { // 提供data()方法进行 & FAST_DATA_MASK 操作
        return (class_rw_t *)(bits & FAST_DATA_MASK);
    }
};

/* OC对象 */
struct xx_objc_object {
    void *isa;
};

/* 类对象 */
struct xx_objc_class : xx_objc_object {
    Class superclass;
    cache_t cache;
    class_data_bits_t bits;
public:
    class_rw_t* data() {
        return bits.data();
    }
    
    xx_objc_class* metaClass() { // 提供metaClass函数，获取元类对象
// 上一篇我们讲解过，isa指针需要经过一次 & ISA_MASK操作之后才得到真正的地址
        return (xx_objc_class *)((long long)isa & ISA_MASK);
    }
};

#endif /* XXClassInfo_h */

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#import "XXClassInfo.h"

/* Person */
@interface Person : NSObject <NSCopying>
{
    @public
    int _age;
}
@property (nonatomic, assign) int height;
- (void)personMethod;
+ (void)personClassMethod;
@end

@implementation Person
- (void)personMethod {}
+ (void)personClassMethod {}
@end

/* Student */
@interface Student : Person <NSCoding>
{
    @public
    int _no;
}

@property (nonatomic, assign) int score;
- (void)studentMethod;
+ (void)studentClassMethod;
@end

@implementation Student
- (void)studentMethod {}
+ (void)studentClassMethod {}
@end

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        NSObject *object = [[NSObject alloc] init];
        Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
        Student *student = [[Student alloc] init];
        
        xx_objc_class *objectClass = (__bridge xx_objc_class *)[object class];
        xx_objc_class *personClass = (__bridge xx_objc_class *)[person class];
        xx_objc_class *studentClass = (__bridge xx_objc_class *)[student class];
        
        xx_objc_class *objectMetaClass = objectClass->metaClass();
        xx_objc_class *personMetaClass = personClass->metaClass();
        xx_objc_class *studentMetaClass = studentClass->metaClass();
        
        class_rw_t *objectClassData = objectClass->data();
        class_rw_t *personClassData = personClass->data();
        class_rw_t *studentClassData = studentClass->data();
        
        class_rw_t *objectMetaClassData = objectMetaClass->data();
        class_rw_t *personMetaClassData = personMetaClass->data();
        class_rw_t *studentMetaClassData = studentMetaClass->data();

        // 0x00007ffffffffff8
        NSLog(@"%p %p %p %p %p %p",  objectClassData, personClassData, studentClassData,
              objectMetaClassData, personMetaClassData, studentMetaClassData);

    return 0;
}