栅栏CyclicBarrier和闭锁CountDownLatch类似,可以说它们都是用来计数,都能阻塞一组线程知道某个事件发生。不同的是闭锁用于等待事件,而栅栏用于等待其他线程。
在前一篇《CountDownLatch——闭锁的实现之一》中提到,在CountDownLatch里有一个计数器,一个线程完成一个任务后调用countdown方法使其计数器-1,等待线程则在执行方法前调用await方法,当CountDownLatch计数器减至0时将会放行的阻塞等待线程。那么CyclicBarrier所谓的等待其他线程是什么意思呢?
我们模拟一个任务线程:
1 package cyclicbarrier;
2
3 import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
4 import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
5
6 /**
7 * Created by yulinfeng on 12/19/16.
8 */
9 public class Task implements Runnable {
10 private final CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier;
11
12 public Task(CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier){
13 this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier;
14 }
15
16 @Override
17 public void run() {
18 try {
19 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() + " waiting");
20 cyclicBarrier.await(); //线程到达时将阻塞,只有当所有线程都到达时,才会打开栅栏
21 System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getId() + " working");
22 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
23 e.printStackTrace();
24 } catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
25 e.printStackTrace();
26 }
27 }
28 }接着我们看看测试代码,使用线程池开启5个线程:
1 package cyclicbarrier;
2
3 import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
4 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
5 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
6
7 /**
8 * Created by yulinfeng on 12/19/16.
9 */
10 public class Test {
11
12 public static void main(String[] args){
13 CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(5, new Runnable() {
14 //当所有线程到达时执行此线程
15 @Override
16 public void run() {
17 System.out.println("execute barrier");
18 }
19 });
20
21 ExecutorService exec = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
22 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
23 exec.execute(new Task(cyclicBarrier));
24 }
25 }
26 }执行结果:
